ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nd:YAG (2ω) Pumped Dye Laser Using Self-Filtering
Unstable Resonator (SFUR)
A self-filtering unstable resonator (SFUR)with a magnification of M=-3 in a Nd:YAG(2ω)dye laser has been studied.The dye solution is Rhodamine 6G in alcohol with theconcentration of 5 ×10 -3 Mol/lit. The spatial intensity distribution of the resonator has been compared with that of a plane-parallel (PP) resonator of equal length. The output energy in both configurations are comparable (20 μЈ ,and 26μЈ ,respectively). A significant difference between these two resonators is the laser beam divergence, where beam divergences of 0.77 mrad for the SFUR and 1.6mrad for the plane-parallel resonator have been measured. The brightness corresponding to these two resonators are 1.5× 1011 and 2.2× 1010 W.cm-2.Sr-1, and the pulse widths are 7 and 17 ns, respectively. These figures show clearly that laser resonator based on the SFUR design can increase the laser brightness by a factor of 10,with a beam divergence of a fraction of mrad, compared with the plane-parallel resonator. In order to describe the dynamic behavior of the SFUR design, a numerical calculation based on the rate equations have been used and a good consistency with the experiment has been obtained.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_792_788f494e85e6e27fdacba16dec73eb65.pdf
2003-02-20
1
9
self-filtering unstable resonator
dye laser
brightness
plane- parallel resonator
K
Rahimian
1
مرکز تحقیقات و کاربرد لیزر ، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، ایران - تهران
AUTHOR
A.H
Farahbod
afarahbod@aeoi.org.ir
2
مرکز تحقیقات و کاربرد لیزر ، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، ایران - تهران
AUTHOR
A
Hariri
3
مرکز تحقیقات و کاربرد لیزر ، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، ایران - تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. A. E. Siegman , “Laser,” University Science Books, Ca. (1986).
1
2. A. E. Siegman ,”Stabilizing out put with unstable resonator,” Laser Focus 7, 42 (1971).
2
3. A. E. Siegman, “Unstable optical resonators,” Appl. Optics 13, 353 (1974).
3
4. A. E. Siegman and R. W. Arrathon, “Modes in unstable optical resonstors and lens waveguides,” IEEE J.Quant. Electr. QE-3, 156 (1967).
4
5. P. G. Gobbi and G. C. Reali, “A novel unstable resonator configuration with a self filtering aperture,” Optics Commu. 52, 195 (1984).
5
6. R. Barbini, A. Ghigo, M. Giorgi, K. N. Iyer, A. Palucci and S. Ribezzo, “Injection-Locked single-mode high-power low-drivergence TEA CO2 laser using SFUR configuration,” Optics Commu. 60, 239 (1986).
6
7. R. Bhatnagar, S. K. Dixit, B. Singh and S. V. Nakhe, “Performance of a copper vapor laser with self-filtering unstable resonator,” Optics Commu. 74, 93 (1989).
7
8. P. Di Lazzaro, T. Hermsen, T. Letardi and C. E. Zheng, “Self-filtering unstable resonator: An approximate analytical model with comparison to computed and XeCl laser experimented results,” Optics Commu. 61, 393 (1987).
8
9. V. Boffa, P. Di Lazzaro, G. P. Gallerano, G. Girodano, T. Hermsen, T. Letardi and C. E. Zheng, “Self-filtering unstable resonator operation of XeCl Excimer laser,” IEEE J.Quant. Electr. QE-23, 1241 (1987).
9
10. P. Di Lazzaro, V. Nassisi and M. R. Perrone, “Experimental study of a generalized self-filtering unstable resonator applied to an XeCl laser,” IEEE J.Quant.Electr. QE-24, 2284 (1988).
10
11
11. M. R. Perrone and A. A. Flippo, “Experimental characterization of high magnification self-filtering unstable resonators for XeCl laser,” Optics Commu. 88, 115 (1992).
12
12. J. W. Chen, A. Luches, V. Nassisi and M. R. Perrone, “High brightness single transverse mode operation of a XeCl laser,” Optics Commu. 72, 225 (1989).
13
13. Li Ho Min and K.Vogler, “Confocal positive branch-filtering unstable resonator for Nd:YAG-Laser,” Optics Commu. 74, 79 (1989).
14
14. A. H. Farahbod and A. Hariri, “Application of generalized self-filtering unstable resonators to a N2-Laser pumped dye laser,” Optics Commu. 108, 84 (1994).
15
15. M. Mahmodi, A. H. Farahbod and A. Hariri, “Experimental study of generalized self-filtering unstable resonators in an ablative-wall flash-lamp-pumped dye laser,” Appl.Optics 37, 1053 (1998).
16
16. A. H. Farahbod, B. Daneshvar, and A.Hariri, “Performance of Nd:YAG laser in coupled generalized self-filtering and positive-branch unstable resonators,” Appl. Optics. 38, 4516 (1999).
17
17. A. H. Farahbod, PhD Thesis, Amirkabir University, p84 (1376).
18
18. B. B. Snavely, “Flashlamp-excited organic dye lasers,” Proc. IEEE 57, 1374 (1969).
19
19. P. R. Hammond, “Spectra of the lowest excited singlet states of Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B,” IEEE J.Quant. Electr. QE-15, 624 (1979).
20
20. L. G. Nair, K. Dasgupta, “Amplified spontaneous emission in narrow-band pulsed dye laser oscillators-theory and experiment,” IEEE J. Quant. Electr. QE-21, 1782 (1985).
21
21. U. A. Ganiel, G. Neumann and D. Treves, “Amplified spontaneous emission and singnal amplification in dye laser systems,” IEEE J. Quant. Electr. QE-11, 881 (1975).
22
22. D. U. Von Rosenberg, “Methods for the numerical solution of partial differential equations,” New York, Elsevier (1969).
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pulsed Power Supplies in CVL Lasers
Power supplies which are commonly used in pulsed lasers with the mechanism of electrical pumping are in fact a kind of pulse generator. These systems are of particular importance due to their wide variety of applications, and their use in pulsed lasers are the most important subject of interest. In this article specifications of a pulsed generator which is designed for metal vapor lasers such as CVL lasers will be introduced. Details of the designed circuit, construction, and measurements of the working parameters will be also presented. The maximum output voltage is 10 kV with the pulse width of ~1μsec. The average current is 340 mA and the pulse repetition rate is 29 kHz.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_793_98ff29a5cb408cbc4b3f840e209d46a4.pdf
2003-02-20
10
16
power supply
Metal Vapor Laser
CVL laser
D
Salehinia
1
مرکز تحقیقات وکاربرد لیزر ، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486- 11365, ایران – تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
K
Khorasani
kkhorasani@aeoi.org.ir
2
مرکز تحقیقات وکاربرد لیزر ، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486- 11365, ایران – تهران
AUTHOR
1. W. T. Walter ,N. Soltimene, M. Piltch, “Efficient pulsed gas discharge lasers,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. QE-2, No.9, 474 (1966).
1
2. J. T. Verdeyen, Laser Electronics, 2 nd edition, Printice – Hall International, Inc, 305-360 (1989).
2
3. A. A. Vetter, “Quantitive effect of initial current rise on pumping the double pulsed copper chloride laser,” IEEE Jornal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. QE-13, No.11, 889 (1977).
3
4
4. L. J. Kieffer, “A compilation of electron collision cross section data for modeling gas discharge laser,” JILA Infornation Center Report Sep, No.13 (1973).
5
K. G.Rischmuller, “Switching with MOSFET, s and IGBT,s, 50 Hz to 200 kHz,” Conf. Record 1990, PCIM Europe Conf. (1990).
6
7
6. P. A. Bokhan, V. A. Gerasimov, “Optimization of the excitation condition in a copper vapor laser,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron. Vol.8, No.3, 273 (1979).
8
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Environmental Impacts and Implications of The Radon-222, and
its Urgency Attention in Iran
Appraisal of the natural radon gas effects on lung cancer, and its applications for earthquake prediction and uranium, petroleum and ground water exploration are well known in many advanced countries, However, it has been almost neglected in Iran. So, radon production mechanisms in soils and rocks , radon and lung cancer, and radon hazard mitigation are reviewed. In addition, the noted postive and applied aspects of radon are discussed, hoping to show advantages of investigation in this field of study to be carried out in Iran.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_794_40a4f1e589f2eaff8a17b59f962f130c.pdf
2003-02-20
17
31
Radon
lung cancer
natural radiogeny
indoor quality
earthquake prediction
A
Abbasnezhad
1
بخش زمین شناسی، دانشگاه شهید باهنرکرمان، صندوق پستی: 133-76175، ایران- کرمان
LEAD_AUTHOR
، “زمین شناسی وپتانسیل مواد معدنی منطقه آبترش- چاروک)شمالشرق رفسنجان(،“ مرکز پژوهش دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان )1369(.
1
2. م. سهرابی و ع. سلیمانیان، “بررسی ویژگیهای دزیمتری پاسیو نـفـوذی گـاز رادون جهت تعیین پرتوگیری مردم در خانههای مـسـکونی،” نـشـریه علمی سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران شماره 9, 1-18 )1368(.
2
3. ه. میرزائی و م. بیت الهی، “تغییرات پرتوزائی رادیوم-226 از چشمه های آبگرم رامسر،” نشریه علمی سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، شماره 11 و 12، 102-97 (1372).
3
4. M. Albu, D. Banks and H. Nash, “Mineral and thermal ground water resources,” Chapman and Hall, London (1997).
4
5
5. E. L. Alpen, “Radiation biophysics,” Prentice-Hall International Editions, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. (1990).
6
7
6. J. E. Andrews, P. Brimblecombe, T. D. Jickells and P.S. Liss, “An introduction to environmental chemistry,” Blackwell, Norwich (1997).
8
9
D. Banks, O. Royset, T. Strand and H. Skarphogen, “Radioelement (U, Th, Rn) concentrations in Norwegian bedrock groundwaters,” Environmental Geology, Vol. 25, 165-180 (1995).
10
11
12
B. A. Bolt, “Earthquakes,” W. H. Freeman and Company, New York (1993).
13
14
9. D. B. Botkin and E. A. Keller, "Environmental science,” 3rd, ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York ( 2000).
15
16
10. B. B. Botkin and R. P. Gupta, “Applied hydrogology of fractured rocks,” Kluwer Academic Publishers, London (1999).
17
18
11. Chi Yo King, O. Walkingstick and D. Basler, “Radon in soil gas along active faults in central California,” U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 77-143 (1991).
19
20
12. K. D. Cliff, Radon, “Notes for postgraduate radiological protection course, National Radiological Protection Board,” (1980).
21
22
13. N. K. Coch, “Geohazards, natural and human,” Prentice-Hall, New Jercy (1995).
23
24
14. B. L. Cohen, “Questionnaire study of the lung cancer risk form radon in homes,” Health Physics Vol. 72, No. 4, 615-622 (1997).
25
26
15. B. L. Cohen, “Problems in the radon vs lung cancer test of the linear no-threshold theory and a procedure for resolving them,” Health Physics, Vol. 72, No. 4, 623-628 (1997).
27
28
16. E. M. Durrance, “Radioactivity in geology, Principles and Applications,” Ellis Horwood Ltd, Chichester (1986).
29
30
17. T. M. Dyess, “Radon in buildings, in: Environmental analysis and remediation,” ed., by R. A. Meyers, John Wiley and Sons, NewYork, 4018-4044 (1998).
31
32
18. R. L. Fleisher, and L. G. Turner, “Correlations of radon and carbon isotopic measurements with petroleum and natural gas at Cemment,” Oklahoma, Geophysics, Vol 49, 810-817 (1984).
33
34
19. R. C. Fortman, “Measurement methods and instrumentation, in: radon prevalence, measurements, health risks and control,” ed. By: N. L. Nagda, ASTM PCN28 - 015094 -17, Philadelphia, Pa, Chapter 4, 46-66 (1994).
35
36
20. C. Geiger and K. B. Barnes, “Indoor radon hazard: a geographical ssessment and case study,” Applied Geography, Vol 14. 350-371 (1994).
37
38
21. J. D. Hem, “Study and interprelation of the chemical characteristics of natural waters,” 3rd. ed., United States Geological Survey Water Supply Paper, 2254 (1989).
39
40
22. P. K. Hundak, “Distribution of indoor radon concentrations and uranium-bearing rocks in Texas, Enviromental Geology,” Vol. 28 No. 1, 29-33 (1996).
41
42
23. S. Hurlburt, “Radon: a real killer or just and unsolved mystery? water well,” Journal, 34-41 (1989).
43
44
24. E. A. Keller, “Environmental Geology,” Cherles E. Merrill Rub. Co. Columbus (1990).
45
46
25. R. W. Klusman, “Soil gas and related methods for natural resources exploration,” John Wiley and Sons, NewYork (1993).
47
48
26. E. O. Kuntson, and A. C. George, “Radon, thoron, and decay products, in: environmental aanlysis and remediation,” ed. By: R. A. Meyers, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 4045-4068 (1998).
49
50
27. G. M. Masters, “Introduction to environmental engineering and science,” Prentice - Hall International Editions Englewood, Cliff N. J. (1991).
51
52
53
54
28. M. McNulty, “The radium waters of Bath, in:
55
Hot springs of Bath ,” ed. By: G. A. Kellaway, Bath City Council, 65-70 (1991).
56
29. F. Medici and L. Rybach, “Measurements of indoor radon concentrations and assessment of radiation exposure,” Jouranl of Applied Geophysis, Vol 31, 153-163 (1994).
57
58
30. G. T. Miller, “Living in the environment,” 10th ed. Wadsworth Pub. Co, Belmont (1998).
59
31. J. M. Miller and D. Ostle, “Radon measurements in uranium prospecting, in: uranium exploration methods,” (conference volume), Viena, International Atomic Energy Agency, 229-239 (1973).
60
61
32. J. G. Morse, M. H. Rana, and L.Morse, “Radon mapping as indicators of subsurface oil and gas,” Oil and Gas Journal, Vol 80, No(19), 227-246 (1982).
62
33. W. W. Nazaroff, “Measurement techniques, in: radon and its decay products in indoor air,” ed. By: W. W. Nazaroff and A. V. Nero, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 491-504 (1988).
63
64
34. F. K. North, “Petroleum geology,” Unwin Hyman, London (1985).
65
66
35. P. O. Neill, “Environmental chemistry,” 2nd ed., Chapman and Hall, London (1993).
67
68
36. C. Park, “The environment, principles and applications,” Routledge, London (1997).
69
70
37. H. Pazvash, “A method of radon detection in new buildings in: graves. B (ed.), Radon, radium and other radioactivity in ground water, National water Association,” Lewis Publisbers, Boca Raton, 491-497 (1987).
71
72
38. G. Pershagen, G. Akerblom, O. Axelson, B. Clavensjo, L. Damber, G. Desai, A. Enflo, F. Lagarde, H. Mellander, M. Suartengren, G. A. Swedjemark, “Residential radon exposure and lung cancer in Sweden,” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol 330, 159-164 (1994).
73
39.K. T. Pickering and L. A. Owen, “An introduction to global environmental issues,”
74
75
2nd, ed. Routledge, London (1997).
76
40. P. H. Rahn, “Engineering Geology, An environmental approach,” 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, New Jercy (1996).
77
78
41. A. S. Rogers, “Physical behavior and geologic control of radon in mountain streams,” U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1052-E, 187-211 (1958).
79
42. M. H. Shapiro, “Comparison of radon monitoring techniques, the effects of thermoelastic strains on subsurface radon, and the development of a computer-operated radon monitoring network for earthquake prediction,” U. S.Geological Survey Open- File Report, 80-896 (1980).
80
81
43. B. B. S. Singhal, and R. P. Gupta, “Applied hydrogeology of fractured rocks,” Klawer Academic Publishers, London (1999).
82
83
44. Sohrabi, M. et al, “Determination of 222Rn levels in houses, schools, hotels of Ramsar by AEOI passive radon diffusion dosimeters,” Proceedings of International Congress of High Level Natureal Radiation, 365-374 (1990).
84
85
45. M. Sohrabi, and A. R. Solaymanian, “Indoor radon level measurements in some regions of Iran,” Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, Vol.15, No. (1-4) (1988).
86
46. M. Sohrabi, and A. R. Solaymanian, “Indoor radon level measurements using the AEOI passive radon diffusion dosimeter,” Procecdings of the 7thInternational Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association, Vol. 1, Sydney, Australia (1988).
87
88
47. W. M. Telford, “Radon mapping in the search for uranium, in : developments in geophysical exploration methods,” ed. By: A. A. Fitch, Vol. 4, Elsevier, Barking (1983).
89
90
48. P. T. Underhill, “Naturally occurring radioactive material, principles and practices,” St. Luke Press, DelrayBeach (1996).
91
92
H. Wakita, Y. Nakamura and Y. Sano, “Ground water radon variation reflecting changes in regional stress fileds,in: practical approaches to earthquale prediction and warning,” ed. By: C. Kissilinger and T. Rikitake, Reidel Pub. Co, Dordrecht (1985).
93
94
50. R. S. Yalow, “Radioactivity and society,” The Bent, 83,No.4, 156-167 (1992).
95
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and Investigation of the Ethanol- Chlorobenzene
(ECB) Dosimeters
In this work the chemical ethanol-chlorobenzene (ECB) dosimeters were prepared. A cobalt-60 irradiation source was used at the dose range of 0-30 kGy. Titration, spectrophotometry, and oscillometry read-out methods were applied, and the latter method was adopted throughout this experiment. The dose responses were found to agree favourably with the ASTM standards. The homogeneity and the reproducibility of the produced ECB dosimeters were also controlled and found satisfactory.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_795_7caa882d15d6ae0832f1abfe93267581.pdf
2003-02-20
32
36
chemical dosimetry
oscillometry
irradiation processing
dose response
R
Gorjifard
1
مرکز تابش گاما، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 3486- 11365, ایران- تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Sharifzadeh
2
مرکز تابش گاما، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 3486- 11365, ایران- تهران
AUTHOR
1. “Standard practice for use of the ethanol – chlorobenzene dosimetry system,” ASTM, E 1538 (1993).
1
2. V. Stenger, Zs Torday, et al. “Long term experience in using the ethanol – chlorobenzene dosimeter,” high dose dosimetry for radiation processing, Proceeding of a Symposium Vienna, 5-9 (Nov.1990).
2
3. D. Razem, I. Dvornik, “Application of the ethanol–chlorobenzene dosimeter to electron –beam and gamma–radiation dosimetry : II.Cobalt – 60 Gamma Rays,” Dosimetry in Agriculture, Industry, Biology and Medicine. Proceeding, 17-21 Apr. Vienna 1972, IAEA, 405-419 (1972).
3
4. I. Dvornik, “The ethanol – chlorobenzene dosimeter,” Manual on Radiation Dosimetry, N.W.Holm and R.J.Berry, eds.Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 345-349 (1970).
4
5. D. Razem, L. Andelic, I. Dvornik,“Consistency of ethanol – chlorobenzene dosimetry,” High Dose Dosimetry Proceedings, 8-12 Oct. Vienna 1984-IAEA, 143-156 (1985).
5
6. A. Kovacs, V. Stenger, G. Foldiak, “Evaluation of irradiated ethanol – monochlorobenzene dosimeter by the conductivity method,” High Dose Dosimetry Proceedings of a Symposium, Vienna, 8 - 12 Oct. 1984, IAEA (1985).
6
7
7. Hoang Hoa M.Razem D.”Temperature effects on ethanol–chlorobenzene dosimeter (Dvornic Dosimeter)“ “International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes,” 42, 637-641(1992).
8
8. “Standard practice for using the fricke Reference Standard Dosimetry System,” ASTM, E1026 (1992).
9
9. “Standard test methods for PH of water,” ASTM, D 1293 (1995).
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evolving of mutant lines resistant to lodging, blast, and high yield in rice by induce mutation using Gamma ray (physical mutagen)
Induction of mutation for the purpose of producing variations in the genepool has been used in recent years. In this experiment the locally adapted rice CV. Moosa-Tarom was used as a high quality, tall and very lodging susceptible mutation material. The main purpose of this project was to evolve lodging resistant mutants of high yielding.The elite seeds of Mossa-Tarom variety after moisture regulation were exposed to 100, 200 and 300 Gy from 60Co source at the Nuclear Research Center. The irradiated seeds were sown in the field along with a comparable number of unirradiated seeds taken as control. All the first panicles of M1 plants were individually harvested and classified according to the dose rate as M2 material.Among M2 plant populations 203 plants that appeared from the agronomic point of view, along with a number of on unirradiated seeds, were selected and moved to the next generations. During subsequent screening for three generations (M3-M5) and due to lodging resistant, height and efficient factors of yield potential some mutant lines were harvested. From these lines in a preliminary and advanced randomized complete design agronomic traits, 13 promising lines were selected. From the experiment, line 43-3 were confirmed, which is characterized by lodging resistant and high yield. This line showed relative superiority and introduced to Rice Research Institute.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_796_b23fc07c398eb544591868cffed88629.pdf
2003-02-20
37
43
genepool
lodging resistant
Mutant Lines
physical mutagen
F
Majd
1
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498- 31485 ، ایران - کرج
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Rahimi
2
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498- 31485 ، ایران - کرج
AUTHOR
M
Rezazadeh
3
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498- 31485 ، ایران - کرج
AUTHOR
1. Q. Lu, “The selection of the extremely dwarfing japonica type in rice and its preliminary utilization,” J. Shanxi Agric., Univ. 31, 717-776 (1983).
1
2. T. Kinoshita, “Evaluation of gene sources for dwarfism and semi-dwarfism in Japonica rice,” Plant Breeding Institute, Hokkaido- University Sapporo, Japan, IAEA- SM- 311/38P, 341-34 (1991).
2
3. J.N. Rutger, “Mutation breeding of rice in California and the United States of America,” Agricultural Service, Stoneville, Mississippi IAEA-SM-311-5, 155-165 (1991).
3
4. C. H. Hu, “Use of an induced semi-dwarfing gene to alter the rice type and cultural breeding practices for sustainable agriculture,” N. F. Davis Drier and Elavator, Inc. Firebaugh, California, IAEA - SM - 311-33, 167-172 (1991).
4
5. K. A. Siddiqui, Plant Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Agricultural Research Center Tandojam, Sind, Pakistan, IAEA-SM-311-19, 173-185 (1991).
5
6. International Rice Research Institute, “Standard evaluation system for rice,” IRRI, 4 (ESE) (1996).
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Use of 15N Methodology to Assess Urea Use Efficiency under Different Nitrogen Levels in Fertigation System and Comparison with Furrow Irrigation on Tomato
In order to determine a suitable level of nitrogen fertilizer for simultaneous increasing the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the yield production under the trickle fertigation system in comparison with the furrow irrigation, an experimental design was conducted in a randomized complete block (RCB) with five treatments and four replications in plots of 35 square meters area. The treatments of N0 , N1 , N2 and N3 received 0 , 100 , 150 and 200 mgN/lit, respectively under the trickle fertigation , and for the treatment of Ns the amount of fertilizer were equal to N2 but under the furrow irrigation system. Fertilization and irrigation were performed by means of two fertigator pumps ( one for urea and the other for ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate ) . In order to determine the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, six plants in the middle of each plot received 15N labeled urea (isotopic form of 14N) through plastic containers. Irrigation schedule and soil moisture monitoring were performed by means of a neutron gauge . The results showed that in spite of increasing the nitrogen levels in the fertigation system, the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency decreases. In this respect , the treatment of N1 could absorb % 54 of nitrogen fertilizer which indicated that the highest fertilizer use efficiency under the current design condition and the final nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency for N2 and N3 treatments are %39 and %31, respectively. In addition, the traditional treatment (Ns), with %83 losses of nitrogen had the lowest rate of fertilizer use efficiency.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_797_d5ded89845616041c9d8c8e51a62640b.pdf
2003-02-20
44
48
15N
trickle fertigation
furrow irrigation
nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency
nitrogen levels
tomato
M.A
Mousavi Shalmani
1
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
LEAD_AUTHOR
N
Sagheb
2
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
AUTHOR
M.S
Hobbi
3
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
AUTHOR
S
Teimoori
4
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
AUTHOR
A
Khorasani
5
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
AUTHOR
N
Piervali
6
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و پزشکی هستهای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، ایران- کرج
AUTHOR
ن. ثاقب و همکاران, “استفاده از روش ایزوتوپی ازت – 15 برای تعیین کارآیی اوره در کود- آبیاری گوجه فرنگی،” مجموعه مقالات کوتاه هفتمین کنگره علوم خاک ایران، شهرکرد، صفحات420-419 (1380).
1
2
م. ا. موسوی شلمانی و همکاران، “برآورد و مقایسه کارایی مصرف اوره طبق روشهای تفاضلی و ایزوتوپی در گیاه گوجه فرنگی تحت سیستم کود- آبیاری قطرهای،” نشریه علمی سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، شماره 24، صفحات 55-47 (1380).
3
4
IAEA, “Use of nuclear techniques in studies of soil – plant relationships,” Training Course Series, No. 2, 26-34 (1990).
5
I. Papadopoulos, “Fertilizer in irrigated agriculture and potential pollution impact (step by step),” Technical Report, Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus (1995).
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Geologic Evolution and Metallogeny of the Anarg Skarn Ore
Deposit ِِwith Related Phenomena
The Anarg Polymetallic skarn deposit ( Cu, Zn, Fe, Ag, Au) is located on the15 km west of the Posht-e- Badam village in the northeastern part of the Yazd province in central part of Iran. This area is situated in geological domain of the central Iran within the Anarak - Sarcheshmeh - Kharestan copper belt]. The Anarg's granitoid intruded within the center of north - south trending zone . The K/Ar radioisotope age of this granitoid body is middle Eocene, respectively. Lithologically of this granitoid body is composed of I- type granite, granodiorite, quartzmonzonite and less of tonalite and quartzdiorite. There is one calcic type skarn around this intrusion. The most
تاریخ دریافت مقاله: 6/12/1380 تاریخ پذیرش مقاله: 2/5/1381 email:skamalisadr@aeoi.org.ir *
important country rock is calcic marble, related to the Posht -e- Badam complex. The exoskarn mainly consists of garnet ( andradite- grossularite), clino - pyroxen (diopside - hedenbergite ), amphibole ( tremolite - actinolite), epidote, chlorite, calcite, quartz, magnetite, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite, where its high grade metamorphic facies is attained to the primer pyroxen - hornfels facies. The endoskarn minerals assemblage is composed of grassularite, andradite, epidote, chlorite, calcite, tremolite, actinolite, which its thickness is varied between 1-3 meters. The ore minerals occurred in three different localities (anomalies) namely A,B and C. The major part of economic ores are located within the exoskarn zone. This paragenesis not only is related to the composition of hosting, but also reflects the evolutionary processes of intrusion emplacement. The magmatic derived solutions resulted from fractional - crystalization of igneous melt, as well as their interaction with surrounding rock units participates to from the aforesaid polymetallic skarn - type deposit, by metasomatic processes. Skarnification in the Anarg ore field has been occurred in three stages namely:I) , Prograde, II). Retrograde - Metasomatic and III) Hydrothermal stages. The major ore mineralization has occurred during 2 nd stage. This deposit is a lenticular form body, accompanied by irregular massives and less amount of vein and veinlets. Their ores show massive, inclusion, disseminated and less amount replacement type textures. By considering the mineralogical peculiarities and their correlation with phase diagrams, it is concluded that the temprature of the mineral zone formations are as follows:
- Pyroxen zone , 450 -600 0C
- Garnet zone , 380 -480 0C
This skarn was formed by contact- infiltration of magmatic derived fluids. This processe has been intensified by fracturing systems of both magmatic and surrounding bodies. Mineralogical investigation ( X.R.D and ore microscopy) show that the major ore minerals are chalcophyrite, magnetite, galena and sphalerite. The Cu-content is varied between 0.35 to 12% , which indicates a remarkable deposit for mining consideration. It has to be mentioned that this deposit is classified as polymetallic - skarn type deposit, by considering the ( Cu, Zn, Fe, Ag, Au,) metals in ore fomation, which is related to the continental margin - type low angle subducted zone .
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_798_e1070a450dab02b891c1671360e4bd52.pdf
2003-02-20
49
60
Anarg skarn ore deposite
geologic evolution
skarnification and mineralization stages
polymetallic skarn
calcic skarn
S
Kamali Sadr
1
امور اکتشاف و استخراج، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 1339- 14155, ایران- تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. A. Haghipour, “Etude geologigue de la region de Biabanak - Bafgh couverture,’’ These Univ. Grenoble, 403 (1974).
1
D. E. Harnish and P. E. Brown,“Petrogenesis of the Casseus Cu-Fe skarn, Terre Heuve District,” Econ. Geol., 81:1801-1807 (1986).
2
G. D. Layen, F. G. Longstaffe, and E. T. C. Spooner, “The Jc tin skarn deposit. Southern Yukon Territorty:II, A carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and sulfur stable isotope study,” Econ. Geol. 86, 48-65 (1991).
3
4. T. C. Labotka, “Chemical and physical properties of fluids in contact metamorphism,” Mineralogical Society of America, Rewiews in mineralogy, Bookcrafters Pub., 26, 43-104 (1991).
4
5. L. D. Meinert, “Skarn zonation and fluid evolution in the Groundhog mine , Central
5
Mining District,” New Mexico. Econ. Geol., 82, 523-545 (1987).
6
6. L. D. Meinert, “Igneous petrogensis and skarn deposits,” Geological Assiciation of Canada, Special paper, 40,569-583 (1995).
7
7. H. Mollai, “Petrochemistry and genesis of the granodiorite and associated iron-copper skarn deposit of Mazraeh, Ahar, Azerbaidjan, Iran,” Ph.D. thesis. Roorke. Univ., India (1993).
8
D. Mullar, and D. I. Groves, “Potassic igneous and associated gold - copper mineralization,” Springer Pub., 241 (1997).
9
9. E. Romankov, Y. U. Kokorin, B. Krivyakin, M. Susov, L. Morozov, and M. Sharkovski. “Outline of metallogeny of Anarak area (Central Iran),” Geological Survey of Iran, Report Te/NO.21-1984 (1984).
10
B. Samani, “Distribution setting and mettallogenic of copper deposits in Iran, A Global Perspective,” Australian Mineral Formation, 135-158 (1999).
11
D. Shelley, “Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope,” Chapman & Hall Pub., 298 (1993).
12
T. E. Waight, S. D. Weaver, and R. J. Muir, “The Hohonu compositions controlled by source H2O contents and generated during tectonic transition,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 128, 81-96 (1998).
13
V. A. Zharikov, “Skarn types, formation and mineralization condition. In Skarn. their Genesis and Metallogeny,” ( A. Barto Kyriakidis. ed. Theophrastus publishing & proprietary Co., S. A., Athen . Greece., 455-466 (1991).
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Laboratory Column Leaching tests in Heap
Leaching Technique
The most important aspects of heap leaching is it's potential to produce uranium at lower costs, if it is applied to a suitable ore deposit. Prior to set up a heap at industrial scale, it is necessary to collect data on leaching behavior of the ore by laboratory column leaching tests. This paper discusses the research work performed to determine permeability of the ore,the consumption of chemicals, the composition of leach solution and influence of effective parameters on uranium recovery. A laboratory system was developed for simultaneous column leaching test on 6 column with 6 different samples coming from different points of ore body at the same time.Tests were carried out on 3 samples (2 column of each),
1- Main ore body
2- Representative sample from ores
3- Radiometric concentrate of surface sample
Dependence of the recovery with the treatment condition, time (d), L/S (l/t), acid(kg/t) oxidant (kg/t), PH, EMF were studied. As a result the recovery of U was more than90% for a period of 3 weeks and (98% in 4 weeks) while the consumption of acid was 55kg/t.
https://jonsat.nstri.ir/article_799_4f0f9f1ee2dda0d7933c0ac1fdc975a1.pdf
2003-02-20
61
68
Heap leaching
column leaching
radiometric sorting
M
Madnezhad
1
مرکز کانه آرایی و سوخت، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 13339- 14155، ایران- تهران
AUTHOR
A
Alaghband
2
مرکز کانه آرایی و سوخت، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 13339- 14155، ایران- تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
N
Nozari
3
مرکز کانه آرایی و سوخت، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 13339- 14155، ایران- تهران
AUTHOR
1. Z. Changen, Z. changen, Z. Bllin, W. Shuhui, The final report on item 2.2.9 of contract NO.89RBAW-TOO2, CNNC, China (1992).
1
2. D. Linan, "the final report on process mineraligical study," Beijing Research Institute of chemcial Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC, China (1992).
2
3. ب. سامانی، گزارش داخلی شماره 220 واحد اکتشاف، “پدیدههای زمینشناسی و کانیسازی اورانیوم در منطقه ساغند،” (1366).
3
4. W. Shuhui, "Final work report of sampling," (1990).
4
5
5. The extractive mettallurgy of uranium by R.C. Merit, Colorado School of Mines Institute (1971).
6
6. Recovery of uranium from low-grade sandstone ores and phosphate rock, by, R. H. Kennedy, Processing of low - grade uranuim ores (1979).
7
7. "Uranium extraction technology," I.A.E.A, R.Series, NO.359, Vienna (1993).
8
8. Heap leaching test report on Bandar- Abbas uranium ores, chen – xiangbiao, 3 hong-pingru, wang Desheng (1991).
9