نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

پژوهشکده‌ی فیزیک و شتابگرها، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی، صندوق پستی: 1339-14155، تهران- ایران

چکیده

سازمان تنظیم و نظارت بر اجرای مقررات هسته­ای نهاد دولتی است که در چارچوب قانون مصوب مجالس قانون­گذاری تشکیل می­گردد. مسئولیت اصلی این نهاد، تدوین، تصویب و اعمال مقررات و ضوابط مربوط به ایمنی، امنیت و پادمان فعالیت­های هسته­ای در چارچوب قوانین اصلی و بالا دستی و نظارت بر اجرای این مقررات و ضوابط است. امروزه استقرار ایمنی و امنیت در فعالیت­های هسته­ای در سطح ملی و بین­المللی، اساساً در گرو وجود چنین نهادی است. هر چند که تأسیس یک نهاد دولتی در صلاحیت حاکمیتی دولت­ها قرار می­گیرد، اما نظر به حساسیت، اهمیت و ضرورت فراملی و بین­المللی، اجرای مقررات مربوط به ایمنی، امنیت و پادمان فعالیت­های هسته­ای در سطح ملی و جهانی، جامعه بین­المللی و آژانس بین­المللی انرژی اتمی الزاماتی را در خصوص ضرورت تأسیس و ضرورت برخورداری آن از استقلال مؤثر و هم­چنین کارکردهای این سازمان، که مسئولیت به نظم در­آوردن ایمنی، امنیت و پادمان فعالیت­های هسته­ای از طریق تدوین، تصویب و به اجرا در­آوردن ضوابط و مقررات دارد، پیش­بینی نموده­اند که حسب مورد دولت­ها به لحاظ منطقی، فنی و یا حقوقی ملزم به رعایت آن­ها می­باشند. مقاله حاضر پس از تبیین مفهوم این سازمان، مبانی حقوقی الزامات مذکور، میزان هم­سویی ساختار کنونی سازمان تنظیم و نظارت بر اجرای مقررات هسته­ای کشور با آن الزمات را مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار داده است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

International requirements of nuclear regulatory body

نویسنده [English]

  • S. Rezaei Pish Robat

Physics and Accelerators Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.Box: 14155-1339, Tehran-Iran

چکیده [English]

Nuclear Regulatory Body is a state-run institution which is created by act of parliaments. The main responsibility of this body is to formulate, approve and enforce regulations and rules regarding safety, security and safeguarding nuclear activities within the framework of the main and upstream laws, and to monitor the implementation of these regulations and rules. Nowadays, the establishment of safety and security in nuclear activities, both in national and international levels is essentially dependent on the existence of such an institution. Although the establishment of a state institution lies under the sovereign jurisdiction of states, in terms of significance and sensitivity of nuclear regulatory bodies in regulating of nuclear activities, in both national and international levels, the international community and International Atomic Energy Agency have provided certain requirements concerning the necessity of creation and effective independence of these regulatory bodies, which states logically and legally have to comply with them. After explaining the concept of this organization, the present article examines and evaluates the legal bases of the mentioned requirements and the degree of alignment of the current structure of the country's regulations and nuclear supervision with those requirements

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nuclear regulatory body
  • Nuclear and radioactive activities
  • International Atomic Energy Agency
  • Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
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