نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده‌ی چرخه‌ی سوخت هسته‌ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، تهران ـ ایران

2 گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشکده ی فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، صندوق پستی: 143-14115، تهران ـ ایران

چکیده

بازیابی لانتانیدهای اصلی (لانتانیم، سریم، اروپیم و اربیم) و ایتریم با استفاده از استخراج‌کننده‌ی آلی دی اتیل هگزیل فسفریک اسید (EHPA2D) از محیط‌های نیتراتی حاصل از انحلال کود سوپر فسفات ساده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بعد‌ ‌از خردایش نمونه (ی‌ کود)، ابتدا عملیات فروشویی در محیط نیتریک اسید %60 و در دمای 65 درجه‌ی سلسیوس انجام شد. تجزیه‌ی عنصری محلول فروشویی، بازده کلی عملیات فروشویی را بالغ بر %91 به دست داد. با رسوب‌گیری از محلول فروشویی، حدود %75 درصد عناصر مزاحم موجود در محلول حذف شدند. فاز آبی نهایی و محیط‌های نیتراتی ساختگی وارد مرحله‌ی استخراج حلالی شدند. پارامترهای اصلی مرحله‌ی استخراج، غلظت استخراج‌کننده، غلظت نیتریک اسید، دما، زمان تماس و نسبت فازها بود. پس از مشخص شدن شرایط بهینه‌ی استخراج، طی یک مرحله استخراج La، Ce، Y، Er و Eu، به ترتیب، به میزان 65/‌‌97، 82/97، 12/98، 82/95 و 34/96 درصد در فاز آلی بازیابی شدند. فاز آلی باردار وارد مرحله‌ی عریان‌سازی شد. متغیرهای اصلی فرایند عریان‌سازی، غلظت عریان‌‌ساز و زمان تماس بود. پس از مشخص شدن شرایط بهینه‌ی عریان‌سازی فاز آلی، با یک مرحله‌ عریان‌‌سازی La، Ce، Y، Er و Eu، به ترتیب‌، به میزان 12/97، 48/96، 25/97، 31/98 و 12/97 درصد از فاز آلی‌باردار بازیابی شدند. هم‌‌افزایی حلال‌های TBP و EHPA2D بازیابی لانتانیدها و ایتریم را حدود‌ 3 درصد افزایش داد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Recovery of lanthanides and yttrium from single super phosphate fertilizer using D2EHPA and a synergistic D2EHPA-TBP mixture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid AlamdarMilani 1
  • SeyedHossein Nazemi 2
  • Bahram Rezaei 2

چکیده [English]

 The recovery of lanthanides (lanthanum, cerium, erbium, and europium) and yttrium from nitrate leach liquor of single super phosphate fertilizer was investigated using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). After the preliminary crushing in specified dimensions, first, nitric acid leaching was accomplished using 60% (13.28 mol L-1) nitric acid at 65˚C, which resulted in the recovery of 91% for lanthanides and yttrium. The precipitation process from the leach liquor removed about 75% of interfering ions. Then, the raffinate and synthetic nitrate solutions were submitted to the extraction process. The main parameters of the extraction process were the extractant concentration, HNO3 concentration, temperature, contact time, and Vorg./Vaq.. After determination of the optimum condition of the extraction of lanthanides and yttrium, the extraction was performed using leach liquor solution, which resulted in the recovery of 97.65%, 97.82%, 98.12%, 95.82%, and 96.34% for La, Ce, Y, Er, and Er, respectively. Selective strippings of lanthanides and yttrium from the loaded organic phase were studied using nitric acid. The main variable for stripping process were the stripping agent concentration and the contact time between the loaded organic and aqueous phases. Under the determined optimum conditions, a one step stripping of the loaded organic phase, stripped 97.12%, 96.48%, 97.25%, 98.31%, and 97.12% of La, Ce, Y, Er, and Eu, respectively. The synergistic D2EHPA-TBP mixture increased the extraction efficiency by 3%.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lanthanids
  • Yttrium
  • Single super phosphate fertilizer
  • Solvent extraction
  • Synergism
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