نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 پژوهشکده تحقیقات کشاورزی، پزشکی و صنعتی، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، کرج - ایران
2 مؤسسه گیاه پزشکی کشور، صندوق پستی: 1454-1935، تهران - ایران
3 گروه حشره‌شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صندوق پستی: 567-38135، اراک - ایران
4 مرکز تحقیقات انار کشور، صندوق پستی: 166، ساوه - ایران
چکیده
ایران از نظر تولید و صادرات انار در رتبه‌ی اول دنیا قرار دارد. کرم گلوگاه انار آفت مهم انار کشور است. به خاطر زیست‌شناسی حشره، مبارزه‌ی شیمیایی عملی نبوده و خسارت این آفت در مواردی از 30 درصد محصول نیز تجاوز می‌کند. روش نابارورسازی یکی از روش‌هایی است که برای کنترل آفات مختلف با شرایط خاص کاربرد دارد. این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی کنترل عملی کرم گلوگاه انار با استفاده از روش هسته‌ای نابارورسازی روی میوه انجام شد. انارهای آلوده به مرحله‌ی لاروی و شفیرگی آفت از باغات انار ساوه جمع‌آوری، به آزمایشگاه پژوهشکده منتقل، در شرایط دمایی 2±28 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد، رژیم نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی و با استفاده از جیره‌ی غذای مصنوعی پرورش داده شدند. شفیره‌های جوان و مسن به دست آمده، تحت پرتودهی گاما قرار گرفته و با نسبت‌های
º :º :1:1 تا 1:1:9:9 (نر پرتودهی شده: ماده‌ی پرتودهی شده: نر طبیعی: ماده‌ی طبیعی) روی میوه‌های انار در داخل قفس‌ها رها شدند. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که کاربرد دزهای نابارورکننده‌ی 120 و 160 گری، روی شفیره‌های جوان 1-2 روزه و مسن 3-4 روزه و با نسبت رهاسازی 1:1:7:7 تا 1:1:9:9 در مقایسه با شاهد با نسبت رهاسازی º :º :1:1 خسارت کرم گلوگاه روی محصول انار را کنترل می‌نماید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Application of Nuclear Technique for Practical Controlling of Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
نویسندگان [English]
- H.R Zolfagharieh 1
- H Farazmand 2
- R Vafaei Shoushtari 3
- M Babaii 1
- S.Z Tabatabaii 4
چکیده [English]
Iran ranks the first producer and exporter of pomegranate in the world. Carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) has also been recognized as an important pest of pomegranate in the country. Due to biology of the pest, the application of pesticide has not been considered practical and the losses to this product are more than 30 percent of the yield. The application of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a method that is used on a few insects with the specific characters. This research was accomplished for evaluation of the practical control of this pest upon application of nuclear methods on pomegranate. Larval and pupal stages were collected from Saveh, transferred to Agricultural, Medical & Industrial Research School and reared on artificial diet at 28±2ºC, 60±5% RH, 14:10 light: dark photoperiod. The produced pupae (young and old) were irradiated by gamma radiation and were reared with 0:0:1:1-9:9:1:1 (Irradiated male: Irradiated female: Natural male: Natural female) ratios on pomegranate fruits in the cages. The results show that the application of sterile doses (120 and 160Gy) on pupae (Young 1-2 days and old 3-4 days old) and releasing ratios 7:7:1:1 to 9:9:1:1 in comparison with the controlled treatment by the releasing ratio of 0:0:1:1 that prevents damage of E. ceratiniae on the pomegranate.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Carob Moth
- Nuclear Technique
- Sterile Insect Teqnique
- Releasing Ratio
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