Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Effect of space charge potential on the behavior of confined gaseous 238UF6 ions in paul ion trap

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

N. Pishbin
S.M. Sadat Kiai
M. Elahi
P. Yourtchi
S.R. Shafaei

Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.Box: 14399-51113, Tehran - Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2020.1149
Abstract
This paper examined the behavior of confined 238UF6 gaseous ions in Paul’s quadrupole mass spectrometer under the influence of the field induced by the RF and DC potential applied to the end cap and ring electrodes and space charge potential, based on the solutions of Mathieu’s second-order linear differential equation. The results of calculation and simulation were compared in the absence and presence of space charge potential effects. The analytical and numerical results demonstrated the displacement of stability diagram of the confined 238UF6 gaseous ions in Paul's quadrupole trap due to the space charge potential. In addition, the space charge effect on the maximum density of the confined 238UF6 ions, the velocity distribution function of the confined ions and other statistical quantities were also calculated. The quadrupole ion trap forms the most important part of a mass spectrometer, and the mass spectrometer is widely used in the uranium enrichment industry.

Highlights

1. G.C. Zhang, et al, Cooling charged particles in a Paul trap by feedback control, Phys. Rev. A 60, 704 (1999).

 

2. R.E. March, R.J. Hughes, J.F.J. Todd, Quadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry, Wiley–Interscience, New York (1989).

 

3. J.F.J. Todd, Ion trap mass spectrometer-past, present, and future (?). Mass Spectrom, Rev. 10, 3 (1991).

 

4. P.H. Dawson, Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1976).

 

5. R.E. March, J.F.J. Todd (Eds), Practical Aspects of Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Vols 1, 2 and 3. (1995).

 

6. R.E. March, J.F.J. Todd, Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, J. Wiley, Vol. 165, (2005).

 

7. H. Okamoto, et al, A New Experimental Approach to Space Charge Effects, Proceeding of EPAC 2002, 1386-1388, Paris- France (2002).

 

8. S.M. Sadat Kiai, Basics of Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, (2011) (In Persian).

 

9. E. Fischer, Die dreidimensionale Stabilisirung von Ladungsträgern in einem Vierpolfeld, Z. Phys. 156, 1 (1959).

 

10 H.G. Dehmelt, Radiofrequency spectroscopy of stored ions I: Storage, in D. R. Bates (Ed.), Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics, Academic, New York, 3, 53 (1967).

 

11. H.A. Schuessler, Physics of atoms and molecules, in W. Hanle and H. Kleinpoppen (Eds.), Progress in Atomic Spectroscopy, Part B, Plenum, New York, 999 )1979).

 

12. K. Avinash, et al, Space charge effects in the Paul trap, Physics of Plasmas, 4, 1238 (1998).

 

13. C. Gao, Space Charge Effects in Linear Quadrupole Ion Traps, Peking University, Columbia, Ph.D Thesis (2010).

 

14. X. Xiong, et al, Accelerated Simulation Study of Space Charge Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps Using GPU Techniques, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 23, 1799 (2012).

 

15. D. Guo, et al, Space Charge Induced Nonlinear Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 25, 498 (2014).

 

16. J.A. Richards, The Mathieu Equation. In: Analysis of Periodically Time-Varying Systems. Communications and Control Engineering Series. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (1983).

 

17. R.E. March, An Introduction to Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Journal Of Mass Spectrometry, 32, 351 (1997).

 

18. N.W. McLachlan, Theory and application of Mathieu functions. Clarendon. Oxford U.P. (1947). Reprinted by Dover, New York (1964).

 

19. F.G. Major, V.N. Gheorghe, G. Werth, Charged Particle Traps Physics and Techniques of Charged Particle Field Confinement, Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York (2005).

 

20. Wei Chen, B.A. Collings, D.J. Douglas, High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry with a Quadrupole Operated in the Fourth Stability Region. Anal. Chem., 72, 540 (2000).

 

21. M.F. Finlan, R.F. Sunderland, J.F.J. Todd, The Quadrupole Mass Filter as a Commercial Isotope Separator, Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 195, 447 (1982).

 

22. C. Schwebel, P.A. Môller Et Pham Tu Manh, Formation And Confinement of Multicharged Ions In A High-Frequency Quadrupolar Field, Journal of Applied Physics, 10, 227 (1975) (In French).

 

23. A.V. Gaponov, M.A. Miller, Use of Moving High-Frequency Potential Wells for the Acceleration of Charged Particles, JETP, 7, 515 (1958).

Keywords

Paul's mass spectrometer
238UF6 gaseous ions
Mathieu equation
Space charge potential
Maximum density
Velocity distribution function
1. G.C. Zhang, et al, Cooling charged particles in a Paul trap by feedback control, Phys. Rev. A 60, 704 (1999).
 
2. R.E. March, R.J. Hughes, J.F.J. Todd, Quadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry, Wiley–Interscience, New York (1989).
 
3. J.F.J. Todd, Ion trap mass spectrometer-past, present, and future (?). Mass Spectrom, Rev. 10, 3 (1991).
 
4. P.H. Dawson, Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1976).
 
5. R.E. March, J.F.J. Todd (Eds), Practical Aspects of Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Vols 1, 2 and 3. (1995).
 
6. R.E. March, J.F.J. Todd, Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, J. Wiley, Vol. 165, (2005).
 
7. H. Okamoto, et al, A New Experimental Approach to Space Charge Effects, Proceeding of EPAC 2002, 1386-1388, Paris- France (2002).
 
8. S.M. Sadat Kiai, Basics of Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, (2011) (In Persian).
 
9. E. Fischer, Die dreidimensionale Stabilisirung von Ladungsträgern in einem Vierpolfeld, Z. Phys. 156, 1 (1959).
 
10 H.G. Dehmelt, Radiofrequency spectroscopy of stored ions I: Storage, in D. R. Bates (Ed.), Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics, Academic, New York, 3, 53 (1967).
 
11. H.A. Schuessler, Physics of atoms and molecules, in W. Hanle and H. Kleinpoppen (Eds.), Progress in Atomic Spectroscopy, Part B, Plenum, New York, 999 )1979).
 
12. K. Avinash, et al, Space charge effects in the Paul trap, Physics of Plasmas, 4, 1238 (1998).
 
13. C. Gao, Space Charge Effects in Linear Quadrupole Ion Traps, Peking University, Columbia, Ph.D Thesis (2010).
 
14. X. Xiong, et al, Accelerated Simulation Study of Space Charge Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps Using GPU Techniques, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 23, 1799 (2012).
 
15. D. Guo, et al, Space Charge Induced Nonlinear Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 25, 498 (2014).
 
16. J.A. Richards, The Mathieu Equation. In: Analysis of Periodically Time-Varying Systems. Communications and Control Engineering Series. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (1983).
 
17. R.E. March, An Introduction to Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Journal Of Mass Spectrometry, 32, 351 (1997).
 
18. N.W. McLachlan, Theory and application of Mathieu functions. Clarendon. Oxford U.P. (1947). Reprinted by Dover, New York (1964).
 
19. F.G. Major, V.N. Gheorghe, G. Werth, Charged Particle Traps Physics and Techniques of Charged Particle Field Confinement, Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York (2005).
 
20. Wei Chen, B.A. Collings, D.J. Douglas, High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry with a Quadrupole Operated in the Fourth Stability Region. Anal. Chem., 72, 540 (2000).
 
21. M.F. Finlan, R.F. Sunderland, J.F.J. Todd, The Quadrupole Mass Filter as a Commercial Isotope Separator, Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 195, 447 (1982).
 
22. C. Schwebel, P.A. Môller Et Pham Tu Manh, Formation And Confinement of Multicharged Ions In A High-Frequency Quadrupolar Field, Journal of Applied Physics, 10, 227 (1975) (In French).
 
23. A.V. Gaponov, M.A. Miller, Use of Moving High-Frequency Potential Wells for the Acceleration of Charged Particles, JETP, 7, 515 (1958).
Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
Volume 41, Issue 3 - Serial Number 93
November 2020
Pages 113-120

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