Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Gamma Irradiation in Grafted Ag-NPs Synthesis to PP Surfaces and DI Water System Modification in Semiconductor Patterning

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

F. Ghorab 1
Z. Eshaghi 2
N. Sheikh 3
A. Akhavan 3

1 The Photonic and Quantum Technology Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.BOX: 14395-836, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O.BOX: 9189896311 Mashhad, Iran

3 Radiation Applications Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.BOX: 14395-836, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2021.1184
Abstract
The application of gamma irradiation as a factor to graft the synthesized silver nanoparticles to the polypropylene surface and modify the de-ionized (DI) water supply system is a new experimental project. In this study, using the effect of gamma irradiation on the surface of a certain type of filter, reduces silver ions and modifies the filter surface simultaneously. Then, the effect of the modified filter on the performance of DI water supply systems, which are directly and indirectly related to quantum technologies and nuclear science, was investigated by modeling on the surface of indium phosphide (InP) semiconductor. The dose of gamma irradiation and the reduction conditions of silver nanoparticles were determined after passing the optimization stage. So, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), attenuated total reflection (ATR) and bacterial counting tests by plate count agar (PCA) were used. Then it was found that the desired result of filter surface modification is due to the formation of surface plasmon resonance in the colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles which is produced during gamma irradiation synthesis.

Highlights

1. K. Nicolai, et al, Polarization-state-resolved high-harmonic spectroscopy of solids, Nature communications, 10 (1), 1319 (2019).
2. P. Peng, C. Marceau, D.M. Villeneuve, Attosecond imaging of molecules using high harmonic spectroscopy, Nature Reviews Physics, 1(2), 144 (2019).
3. F. Lei, et al, Correlations in high-harmonic generation of matter-wave jets revealed by pattern recognition, Science, 363, 6426, 521-524 (2019).
4. J. Shicheng, et al, Role of the transition dipole amplitude and phase on the generation of odd and even high-order harmonics in crystals, Physical Review Letters, 120(5), 253201 (2018).
5. L. Hanzhe, et al, Enhanced high-harmonic generation from an all-dielectric metasurface, Nature Physics, 14(10), 1006 (2018).
6. T.J. Hammond, et al, Integrating solids and gases for attosecond pulse generation, Nature Photonics, 11(9), 594 (2017).
7. C. Henning, et al, High-harmonic generation at 250 MHz with photon energies exceeding 100 eV, Optica, 3(4), 366-369 (2016).
8. M. Monfared, E. Irani, R. Sadighi-Bonab, Enhancing high harmonic generation by the global optimization of two-color chirped laser field, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, (2019).
9. P. Tenio, et al, Bright coherent ultrahigh harmonics in the keV x-ray regime from mid-infrared femtosecond lasers, Science, 336(6086), 1287-1291 (2012).
10. K. Zhao, et al, Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch, Optics Letters, 37(18), 3891-3893 (2012).
11. G. Vampa, et al, Plasmon-enhanced high-harmonic generation from silicon, Nature Physics, 13(7), 659 (2017).
12. M. Toru, et al, Accurate retrieval of structural information from laser-induced photoelectron and high-order harmonic spectra by few-cycle laser pulses, Physical Review Letters, 100(1), 013903 (2008).
13. J. Itatani, et al, Tomographic imaging of molecular orbitals, Nature, 432 (7019), 867 (2004).
14. P.B. Corkum, Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization, Physical Review Letters, 71(13), 1994 (1993).
15. M. Lewenstein, et al, Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields, Physical Review A, 49(3), 2117 (1994).
16. M. Monfared, E. Irani, R. Sadighi-Bonabi, Controlling the multi-electron dynamics in the high harmonic spectrum from N2O molecule using TDDFT, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 148(23), 234303 (2018).
17. Parr, Robert G. Density functional theory of atoms and molecules, Horizons of Quantum Chemistry, Springer, Dordrecht, 5-15 (1980).
18. Hartwigsen, C., Sephen Gœdecker, Jürg Hutter, Relativistic separable dual-space Gaussian pseudopotentials from H to Rn, Physical Review B, 58.7, 3641 (1998).
19. Perdew, John P., Alex Zunger, Self-interaction correction to density-functional approximations for many-electron systems, Physical Review B, 23.10, 5048 (1981).
20. Andrade, Xavier, et al., Real-space grids and the Octopus code as tools for the development of new simulation approaches for electronic systems, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17(47), 31371-31396 (2015).
21. Lewenstein, Maciej, et al., Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields, Physical Review A, 49.3, 2117 (1994).
22. Antoine, Philippe, Bernard Piraux, Alfred Maquet, Time profile of harmonics generated by a single atom in a strong electromagnetic field, Physical Review A, 51.3, R1750 (1995).
23. Feng, Liqiang, Hang Liu, Attosecond-resolution molecular high-order harmonic emission and isolated attosecond pulse generation from H2+, Optics Communications, 389, 144-149 (2017).
24. Wörner, Hans Jakob, et al, Observation of electronic structure minima in high-harmonic generation, Physical Review Letters, 102.10, 103901 (2009).
25. Rupenyan, Alisa, et al, High-harmonic spectroscopy of isoelectronic molecules: Wavelength scaling of electronic-structure and multielectron effects, Physical Review A, 87.3, 033409 (2013).
26. Bian, Xue-Bin, André D. Bandrauk, Multichannel molecular high-order harmonic generation from asymmetric diatomic molecules, Physical Review Letters, 105.9, 093903 (2010).

Keywords

Gamma irradiation
Filter surface modification
Silver nanoparticles synthesis
Semiconductor surface patterning
1. K. Nicolai, et al, Polarization-state-resolved high-harmonic spectroscopy of solids, Nature communications, 10 (1), 1319 (2019).
2. P. Peng, C. Marceau, D.M. Villeneuve, Attosecond imaging of molecules using high harmonic spectroscopy, Nature Reviews Physics, 1(2), 144 (2019).
3. F. Lei, et al, Correlations in high-harmonic generation of matter-wave jets revealed by pattern recognition, Science, 363, 6426, 521-524 (2019).
4. J. Shicheng, et al, Role of the transition dipole amplitude and phase on the generation of odd and even high-order harmonics in crystals, Physical Review Letters, 120(5), 253201 (2018).
5. L. Hanzhe, et al, Enhanced high-harmonic generation from an all-dielectric metasurface, Nature Physics, 14(10), 1006 (2018).
6. T.J. Hammond, et al, Integrating solids and gases for attosecond pulse generation, Nature Photonics, 11(9), 594 (2017).
7. C. Henning, et al, High-harmonic generation at 250 MHz with photon energies exceeding 100 eV, Optica, 3(4), 366-369 (2016).
8. M. Monfared, E. Irani, R. Sadighi-Bonab, Enhancing high harmonic generation by the global optimization of two-color chirped laser field, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, (2019).
9. P. Tenio, et al, Bright coherent ultrahigh harmonics in the keV x-ray regime from mid-infrared femtosecond lasers, Science, 336(6086), 1287-1291 (2012).
10. K. Zhao, et al, Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch, Optics Letters, 37(18), 3891-3893 (2012).
11. G. Vampa, et al, Plasmon-enhanced high-harmonic generation from silicon, Nature Physics, 13(7), 659 (2017).
12. M. Toru, et al, Accurate retrieval of structural information from laser-induced photoelectron and high-order harmonic spectra by few-cycle laser pulses, Physical Review Letters, 100(1), 013903 (2008).
13. J. Itatani, et al, Tomographic imaging of molecular orbitals, Nature, 432 (7019), 867 (2004).
14. P.B. Corkum, Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization, Physical Review Letters, 71(13), 1994 (1993).
15. M. Lewenstein, et al, Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields, Physical Review A, 49(3), 2117 (1994).
16. M. Monfared, E. Irani, R. Sadighi-Bonabi, Controlling the multi-electron dynamics in the high harmonic spectrum from N2O molecule using TDDFT, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 148(23), 234303 (2018).
17. Parr, Robert G. Density functional theory of atoms and molecules, Horizons of Quantum Chemistry, Springer, Dordrecht, 5-15 (1980).
18. Hartwigsen, C., Sephen Gœdecker, Jürg Hutter, Relativistic separable dual-space Gaussian pseudopotentials from H to Rn, Physical Review B, 58.7, 3641 (1998).
19. Perdew, John P., Alex Zunger, Self-interaction correction to density-functional approximations for many-electron systems, Physical Review B, 23.10, 5048 (1981).
20. Andrade, Xavier, et al., Real-space grids and the Octopus code as tools for the development of new simulation approaches for electronic systems, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17(47), 31371-31396 (2015).
21. Lewenstein, Maciej, et al., Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields, Physical Review A, 49.3, 2117 (1994).
22. Antoine, Philippe, Bernard Piraux, Alfred Maquet, Time profile of harmonics generated by a single atom in a strong electromagnetic field, Physical Review A, 51.3, R1750 (1995).
23. Feng, Liqiang, Hang Liu, Attosecond-resolution molecular high-order harmonic emission and isolated attosecond pulse generation from H2+, Optics Communications, 389, 144-149 (2017).
24. Wörner, Hans Jakob, et al, Observation of electronic structure minima in high-harmonic generation, Physical Review Letters, 102.10, 103901 (2009).
25. Rupenyan, Alisa, et al, High-harmonic spectroscopy of isoelectronic molecules: Wavelength scaling of electronic-structure and multielectron effects, Physical Review A, 87.3, 033409 (2013).
26. Bian, Xue-Bin, André D. Bandrauk, Multichannel molecular high-order harmonic generation from asymmetric diatomic molecules, Physical Review Letters, 105.9, 093903 (2010).

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