in the present study, the possibility of uranium recovery from aqueous solutions was investigated using electrodialysis process. Also, the effect of separation time, electrical potential difference, flow rate, acidity, uranium concentration, and concentration of electrodes wash solution were studied. The results showed that the electrodialysis process remained stable in less than 20 minutes. As the electrical potential difference rises from 5 to 20 V, the separation of uranium increased and then remained constant due to the hydrolysis phenomenon. Due to less resistance, the membrane module performance of the single-cell was more appropriate than the multi-cell module. In addition, the uranium separation was reduced by increasing the flow rate and the feed concentration, according to the reduction of residence time and increasing the concentration polarization phenomenon. Anothert result was that the increase of feed solution acidity reduced the uranium separation and increased the electric current, which can be justified by the competition between acid ions and uranium. By increasing the concentration of sodium nitrate in the electrodes wash solution from 0.01 to 0.25 M, the percentage of uranium separation increased. The results of this study showed that the recovery of the uranium from aqueous solutions using electrodialysis process is possible.
Highlights
1. M.E. Nasab, Solvent extraction separation of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) with neutral organophosphorus and amine ligands, Fuel, 116 (2014) 595-600.
2. B.R. Reddy, and D.N. Priya, Chloride leaching and solvent extraction of cadmium, cobalt and nickel from spent nickel–cadmium, batteries using Cyanex 923 and 272, J. Power sources, 161 (2006) 1428-1434.
3. M. Freitas, T. Penha, and S. Sirtoli, Chemical and electrochemical recycling of the negative electrodes from spent Ni–Cd batteries, J. Power sources, 163 (2007) 1114-1119.
4. E. Pehlivan, and T. Altun, Ion-exchange of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+ ions from aqueous solution by Lewatit CNP 80, J. Hazard Mate, 140 (2007) 299-307.
5. L. Zhou, et al., Characteristics of equilibrium, kinetics studies for adsorption of Hg (II), Cu (II), and Ni (II) ions by thiourea-modified magnetic chitosan microspheres, J. Hazard Mate, 161 (2009) 995-1002.
6. Application of membrane technologies for liquid radioactive waste processing, in: technical reports series No. 431, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004.
7. Application of ion exchange processes for the treatment of radioactive waste and management of sprnt ion exchangers, in: technical reports series No. 408, International atomic Energy Agency, 2002.
8. A. Lounis, and C. Gavach, Treatment of uranium leach solution by electrodialysis for anion impurities removal, Hydrometallurgy, 44 (1997) 83-96.
9. T. Mohammadi, et al., Modeling of metal ion removal from wastewater by electrodialysis, Sep Purif Techno, 41 (2005) 73-82.
10. T. Mohammadi, A. Razmi, and M. Sadrzadeh, Effect of operating parameters on Pb2+ separation from wastewater using electrodialysis, Desalination, 167 (2004) 379-385.
11. A. Zaheri, et al., Uranium separation from wastewaterbyelectrodialysis, Iran J. Environ Health Sci Eng, 7 (2010) 423.
12. C.-V. Gherasim, J. Křivčík, and P. Mikulášek, Investigation of batch electrodialysis process for removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions, Chem Eng J, 256 (2014) 324-334.
13. Y. Tanaka, and M. Senō, Concentration polarization and water dissociation in ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis. Mechanism of water dissociation, J. Chem Soc, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, 82 (1986) 2065-2077.
15. J. Krol, M. Wessling, and H. Strathmann, Concentration polarization with monopolar ion exchange membranes: current–voltage curves and water dissociation, J. Membr Sci, 162 (1999) 145-154.
16. V. Barragan, and C. Ruız-Bauzá, Current–voltage curves for ion-exchange membranes: a method for determining the limiting current density, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 205 (1998) 365-373.
17. D. A. Cowan, aand J.H. Brown, Effect of turbulence on limiting current in electrodialysis cells, Ind Eng Chem, 51 (1959) 1445-1448.
18. H.-J. Lee, H. Strathmann, and S.-H. Moon, Determination of the limiting current density in electrodialysis desalination as an empirical function of linear velocity, Desalination, 190 (2006) 43-50.
19. Y. Tanaka, Current density distribution and limiting current density in ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis, J. Membr Sci, 173 (2000) 179-190.
20. D.A. Vermaas, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, Enhanced mixing in the diffusive boundary layer for energy generation in reverse electrodialysis, J. membr Sci, 453 (2014) 312-319.
21. E. Laktionov, et al., Production of high resistivity water by electrodialysis. Influence of ion-exchange textiles as conducting spacers, Sep Sci Techno, 34 (1999) 69-84.
22. N. Kabay, et al., Removal of calcium and magnesium hardness by electrodialysis, Desalination, 149 (2002) 343-349.
23. G. Belfort, and G.A. Guter, An experimental study of electrodialysis hydrodynamics, Desalination, 10 (1972) 221-262.
24. F. Zahakifar, et al., Optimization of operational conditions in continuous electrodeionization method for maximizing Strontium and Cesium removal from aqueous solutions using artificial neural network, Radiochimica Acta, (2017).
25. E. Korngold, L. Aronov, and O. Kedem, Novel ion-exchange spacer for improving electrodialysis I. Reacted spacer, J. Membr Sci, 138 (1998) 165-170.
26. R. Messalem, et al., Novel ion-exchange spacer for improving electrodialysis II. Coated spacer, J. Membr Sci, 138 (1998) 171-180.
27. P. Długołęcki, et al., Ion conductive spacers for increased power generation in reverse electrodialysis, J. Membrane Science, 347 (2010) 101-107.
1. M.E. Nasab, Solvent extraction separation of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) with neutral organophosphorus and amine ligands, Fuel, 116 (2014) 595-600.
2. B.R. Reddy, and D.N. Priya, Chloride leaching and solvent extraction of cadmium, cobalt and nickel from spent nickel–cadmium, batteries using Cyanex 923 and 272, J. Power sources, 161 (2006) 1428-1434.
3. M. Freitas, T. Penha, and S. Sirtoli, Chemical and electrochemical recycling of the negative electrodes from spent Ni–Cd batteries, J. Power sources, 163 (2007) 1114-1119.
4. E. Pehlivan, and T. Altun, Ion-exchange of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+ ions from aqueous solution by Lewatit CNP 80, J. Hazard Mate, 140 (2007) 299-307.
5. L. Zhou, et al., Characteristics of equilibrium, kinetics studies for adsorption of Hg (II), Cu (II), and Ni (II) ions by thiourea-modified magnetic chitosan microspheres, J. Hazard Mate, 161 (2009) 995-1002.
6. Application of membrane technologies for liquid radioactive waste processing, in: technical reports series No. 431, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004.
7. Application of ion exchange processes for the treatment of radioactive waste and management of sprnt ion exchangers, in: technical reports series No. 408, International atomic Energy Agency, 2002.
8. A. Lounis, and C. Gavach, Treatment of uranium leach solution by electrodialysis for anion impurities removal, Hydrometallurgy, 44 (1997) 83-96.
9. T. Mohammadi, et al., Modeling of metal ion removal from wastewater by electrodialysis, Sep Purif Techno, 41 (2005) 73-82.
10. T. Mohammadi, A. Razmi, and M. Sadrzadeh, Effect of operating parameters on Pb2+ separation from wastewater using electrodialysis, Desalination, 167 (2004) 379-385.
11. A. Zaheri, et al., Uranium separation from wastewaterbyelectrodialysis, Iran J. Environ Health Sci Eng, 7 (2010) 423.
12. C.-V. Gherasim, J. Křivčík, and P. Mikulášek, Investigation of batch electrodialysis process for removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions, Chem Eng J, 256 (2014) 324-334.
13. Y. Tanaka, and M. Senō, Concentration polarization and water dissociation in ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis. Mechanism of water dissociation, J. Chem Soc, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, 82 (1986) 2065-2077.
15. J. Krol, M. Wessling, and H. Strathmann, Concentration polarization with monopolar ion exchange membranes: current–voltage curves and water dissociation, J. Membr Sci, 162 (1999) 145-154.
16. V. Barragan, and C. Ruız-Bauzá, Current–voltage curves for ion-exchange membranes: a method for determining the limiting current density, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 205 (1998) 365-373.
17. D. A. Cowan, aand J.H. Brown, Effect of turbulence on limiting current in electrodialysis cells, Ind Eng Chem, 51 (1959) 1445-1448.
18. H.-J. Lee, H. Strathmann, and S.-H. Moon, Determination of the limiting current density in electrodialysis desalination as an empirical function of linear velocity, Desalination, 190 (2006) 43-50.
19. Y. Tanaka, Current density distribution and limiting current density in ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis, J. Membr Sci, 173 (2000) 179-190.
20. D.A. Vermaas, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, Enhanced mixing in the diffusive boundary layer for energy generation in reverse electrodialysis, J. membr Sci, 453 (2014) 312-319.
21. E. Laktionov, et al., Production of high resistivity water by electrodialysis. Influence of ion-exchange textiles as conducting spacers, Sep Sci Techno, 34 (1999) 69-84.
22. N. Kabay, et al., Removal of calcium and magnesium hardness by electrodialysis, Desalination, 149 (2002) 343-349.
23. G. Belfort, and G.A. Guter, An experimental study of electrodialysis hydrodynamics, Desalination, 10 (1972) 221-262.
24. F. Zahakifar, et al., Optimization of operational conditions in continuous electrodeionization method for maximizing Strontium and Cesium removal from aqueous solutions using artificial neural network, Radiochimica Acta, (2017).
25. E. Korngold, L. Aronov, and O. Kedem, Novel ion-exchange spacer for improving electrodialysis I. Reacted spacer, J. Membr Sci, 138 (1998) 165-170.
26. R. Messalem, et al., Novel ion-exchange spacer for improving electrodialysis II. Coated spacer, J. Membr Sci, 138 (1998) 171-180.
27. P. Długołęcki, et al., Ion conductive spacers for increased power generation in reverse electrodialysis, J. Membrane Science, 347 (2010) 101-107.
Ghasemi Torkabad,M. , Keshtkar,A. , Zahakifar,F. , Yadollahi,A. and Zaheri,A. (2021). Performance Evaluation of Electrodialysis for Uranium Recovery from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT), 42(2), 95-103. doi: 10.24200/nst.2021.1205
MLA
Ghasemi Torkabad,M. , Keshtkar,A. , Zahakifar,F. , Yadollahi,A. , and Zaheri,A. . "Performance Evaluation of Electrodialysis for Uranium Recovery from Aqueous Solutions", Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT), 42, 2, 2021, 95-103. doi: 10.24200/nst.2021.1205
HARVARD
Ghasemi Torkabad,M.,Keshtkar,A.,Zahakifar,F.,Yadollahi,A.,Zaheri,A. (2021). 'Performance Evaluation of Electrodialysis for Uranium Recovery from Aqueous Solutions', Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT), 42(2), pp. 95-103. doi: 10.24200/nst.2021.1205
CHICAGO
M. Ghasemi Torkabad, A. Keshtkar, F. Zahakifar, A. Yadollahi and A. Zaheri, "Performance Evaluation of Electrodialysis for Uranium Recovery from Aqueous Solutions," Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT), 42 2 (2021): 95-103, doi: 10.24200/nst.2021.1205
VANCOUVER
Ghasemi Torkabad,M.,Keshtkar,A.,Zahakifar,F.,Yadollahi,A.,Zaheri,A. Performance Evaluation of Electrodialysis for Uranium Recovery from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT), 2021; 42(2): 95-103. doi: 10.24200/nst.2021.1205
