Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Comparison of the laser backwriting process on glass and quartz

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Sh. Abbasi 1
D. Razaghi 2
H. Pazokian 2

1 Physics Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Postal code: 1684613114 ,Tehran - Iran

2 Photonic and Quantum Technologies Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.Box: 14395-836, Tehran - Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2022.1348
Abstract
The laser back writing process (LBW) on the glass and quartz has been studied in the present work. For this purpose, a steel target was irradiated with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser pulses. As a consequence of the laser irradiation, the produced plasma is penetrated onto the glass and quartz substrates. The process was compared for two different samples. The effects of the pulse numbers and the laser fluence on the morphology and the target material penetration on the substrate were investigated. The results show that this process produces microchannels with the controlled dimensions (the depth and width) on the substrate. The presence of the nanoparticles (Fe and Cr ions on quartz and Fe ions on glass) is an important result of this process that can affect the microchannels' function. Irradiation parameters, including the number of pulses, the laser fluence, the pulse repetition rate, and the substrate material, affect the channel quality and the type and rate of the ion penetrated onto the substrates. The width of the channels for the quartz sample is greater than that of the glass sample, and also, more ions are deposited on the quartz substrate than the glass. The EDX and UV-Visible spectroscopies were used for studying the penetration rate and the type of ions present on the substrates. The surface profilometer and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the profile and the width of the affected area. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) was used to study the metal target's composition.

Highlights

1.             C. Gómez-Reino, Laser backwriting process on glass via ablation of metal targets, Opt. Commun., 273 (1), 193–199 (2007).

 

2.             R. Rangel-Rojo, et al, Waveguide formation by laser backwriting ablation of metals unto glass substrates, AIP Conf. Proc., 992, 231–236 (2008).

 

3.             C.I. López-Gascón, et al, Refractive index modification in glass by laser backwriting ablation of metals, Opt. Express, 14 (19), 8765 (2006).

 

4.             Z.H.A.O. Yunfei, Glass waveguide fabrication by ion implantation for optical communication applications, (2000).

 

5.             F.F. Umarov, A.A. Dzhurakhalov, Ion bombardment-induced surface effects in materials, IntechOpen, 359e391 (2016).

 

6.             J.A. Aguilera, C. Aragon, F. Penalba, Plasma shielding effect in laser ablation of metallic samples and its influence on LIBS analysis, Aplied Surface Science, 309–314 (1998).

 

7.             K. Klačanová, Formation of Fe (0)-nanoparticles via reduction of Fe (II) compounds by amino acids and their subsequent oxidation to iron oxides. Journal of Chemistry, (2013).

 

8.             P.T. Mohite, A.R. Kumar, S.S Zinjarde, Biotransformation of hexavalent chromium into extracellular chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles using Schwanniomyces occidentalis,  Biotechnology letters, 38(3), 441-446 (2016).

 

9.             K. Shrivas, Localized surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles for sensitive colorimetric detection of chromium in surface water, industrial waste water and vegetable samples, Analytical Methods, 8(9), 2088-2096 (2016).

 

10.          V.N. Rai, et al, Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and refractive index sensitivity of vacuum evaporated nanostructured gold thin films, arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.4605 (2014).

 

11.          M. Balcerzak, A. Tyburska, E.L.B.Œ.W.I.Ê. Cicka-füchsel, Selective determination of Fe (III) in Fe (II) samples by UV-spectrophotometry with the aid of quercetin and morin, Acta Pharm, 58, 327–334, (2008).

 

12.          S. Mahmood, et al, Effects of laser energy fluence on the onset and growth of the Rayleigh – Taylor instabilities and its influence on the topography of the Fe thin film grown in pulsed laser deposition facility Effects of laser energy fluence on the onset and growth of the Rayleigh – Taylor instabilities and its influence on the topography of the Fe thin film grown in pulsed laser deposition facility, AIP Publishing LLC, 103504, (2012).

Keywords

Laser Backwriting
Laser ablation
Plasmon
Microchannel
1.             C. Gómez-Reino, Laser backwriting process on glass via ablation of metal targets, Opt. Commun., 273 (1), 193–199 (2007).
 
2.             R. Rangel-Rojo, et al, Waveguide formation by laser backwriting ablation of metals unto glass substrates, AIP Conf. Proc., 992, 231–236 (2008).
 
3.             C.I. López-Gascón, et al, Refractive index modification in glass by laser backwriting ablation of metals, Opt. Express, 14 (19), 8765 (2006).
 
4.             Z.H.A.O. Yunfei, Glass waveguide fabrication by ion implantation for optical communication applications, (2000).
 
5.             F.F. Umarov, A.A. Dzhurakhalov, Ion bombardment-induced surface effects in materials, IntechOpen, 359e391 (2016).
 
6.             J.A. Aguilera, C. Aragon, F. Penalba, Plasma shielding effect in laser ablation of metallic samples and its influence on LIBS analysis, Aplied Surface Science, 309–314 (1998).
 
7.             K. Klačanová, Formation of Fe (0)-nanoparticles via reduction of Fe (II) compounds by amino acids and their subsequent oxidation to iron oxides. Journal of Chemistry, (2013).
 
8.             P.T. Mohite, A.R. Kumar, S.S Zinjarde, Biotransformation of hexavalent chromium into extracellular chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles using Schwanniomyces occidentalis,  Biotechnology letters, 38(3), 441-446 (2016).
 
9.             K. Shrivas, Localized surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles for sensitive colorimetric detection of chromium in surface water, industrial waste water and vegetable samples, Analytical Methods, 8(9), 2088-2096 (2016).
 
10.          V.N. Rai, et al, Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and refractive index sensitivity of vacuum evaporated nanostructured gold thin films, arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.4605 (2014).
 
11.          M. Balcerzak, A. Tyburska, E.L.B.Œ.W.I.Ê. Cicka-füchsel, Selective determination of Fe (III) in Fe (II) samples by UV-spectrophotometry with the aid of quercetin and morin, Acta Pharm, 58, 327–334, (2008).
 
12.          S. Mahmood, et al, Effects of laser energy fluence on the onset and growth of the Rayleigh – Taylor instabilities and its influence on the topography of the Fe thin film grown in pulsed laser deposition facility Effects of laser energy fluence on the onset and growth of the Rayleigh – Taylor instabilities and its influence on the topography of the Fe thin film grown in pulsed laser deposition facility, AIP Publishing LLC, 103504, (2012).

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