Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

The combined protective effect of inactivated Vibrio Parahemolyticus and irradiated white spot syndrome virus on Litopenaeus vannamei by two routes of administration (injection and immersion)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

F. Motamedi Sedeh
R. Roshan

Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.Box: 31485-1498, Karaj - Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2022.1199.1780
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of shrimp and other crustaceans' most significant infectious agents. This research isolated WSSV from infected shrimp samples collected from Bushehr’s farms. It was confirmed by PCR and multiplied in Astacus leptodactylus crayfish hemolymph. Titration of WSSV was obtained in postlarvae by the Karber method as 10 5.4 LD50/mL and the virus were inactivated by the electron beam irradiation. The electron beams D10 value and optimum dose was obtained at 1.85 and 13 kGy. Electron beam irradiated WSSV (EBI-WSSV) was used as an electron vaccine to immunize L. vannamei. Gamma-irradiated inactivated Vibrio Parahaemolyticus (GIVP) was used as an immune stimulant. PD50 was calculated 5.62, 6.30 and 2.87 for the injected groups with EBI–WSSV vaccine, EBI-WSSV vaccine+ GIVP and GIVP alone, respectively. The relative percent survival (RPS) values were calculated 64%, 72% and 22% for the EBI-WSSV vaccine, EBI-WSSV+ GIVP and GIVP groups by injection route and 75%, 85% and 12.5% for these three vaccine groups in immersion route, respectively. A significant difference in cumulative mortalities was observed between both vaccination groups (EBI-WSSV and EBI-WSSV+ GIVP), and the GIVP group (P<0.05). Therefore, two vaccine groups 1 and 2 induced productivity responses in shrimp against WSSV infection and GIPV enhanced this response. The conclusion showed the irradiated Vibrio Parahaemolyticus can be used as an immune stimulator and can enhance the protective effect of electron WSSV vaccine. The RPSs in the vaccinated groups by injection and immersion routes are without any significant differences.

Highlights

  1. Sánchez‐Martínez, J.G., G. Aguirre‐Guzmán, H. Mejía‐Ruíz, White spot syndrome virus in cultured shrimp: a review, Aquaculture Research, 38(13), 1339-1354 (2007).

 

  1. P.S. Mead, et al., Food-related illness and death in the United States, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5(5), 607 (1999).

 

  1. L. Beuchat, Combined effects of water activity, solute, and temperature on the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Applied Microbiology, 27(6), 1075-1080 (1974).

 

  1. C. Pruzzo, et al., Pathogenic Vibrio species in the marine and estuarine environment, in Oceans and health: pathogens in the marine environment, Springer, 217-252 (2005).

 

  1. H.-C. Wong, et al., Incidence of highly genetically diversified Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood imported from Asian countries, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 52(3), 181-188 (1999).

 

  1. B.A. Akhoundzadeh, et al., The study of Vibrio SPP. In cultivated (Paeneus Indicus) and marine (Paeneus Semisulcatus) shrimp obtained from Boushehr a southern province of Iran, (2007).

 

  1. D. Chen, P. Hanna, Immunodetection of specific Vibrio bacteria attaching to tissues of the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 20(2), 159-162 (1994).

 

  1. G. Nash, Vibriosis and its control in pond-reared Penaeus monodon in Thailand, Diseases in Asian Aquaculture, 143-155 (1992).

 

  1. M. Alsharifi, A. Müllbacher, The [gamma]-irradiated influenza vaccine and the prospect of producing safe vaccines in general, Immunology and Cell Biology, 88(2), 103 (2010).

 

  1. B. Raie Jadidi, H. Erfan-Niya, A. Ameghi, Optimizing the process of inactivating influenza virus subtype H9N2 by formalin in the production of killed avian influenza vaccine, Archives of Razi Institute, 72(1), 43-49 (2017).

 

  1. M. Alsharifi, et al., Intranasal flu vaccine protective against seasonal and H5N1 avian influenza infections, PloS One, 4(4), e5336 (2009).

 

  1. A.J. Hume, et al., Inactivation of RNA viruses by gamma irradiation: a study on mitigating factors, Viruses, 8(7), 204 (2016).

 

  1. S. Javan, et al., Evaluation of immune responses and histopathological effects against gamma irradiated avian influenza (Sub type H9N2) vaccine on broiler chicken, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 63, (2020).

 

  1. F. Motamedi Sedeh, et al., Improved Whole Gamma Irradiated Avian Influenza Subtype H9N2 Virus Vaccine Using Trehalose and Optimization of Vaccination Regime on Broiler Chicken, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 978 (2022).

 

  1. F. Motamedi‐Ssedeh, et al., Carboxymethyl chitosan bounded iron oxide nanoparticles and gamma‐irradiated avian influenza subtype H9N2 vaccine to development of immunity on mouse and chicken, Veterinary Medicine and Science, 8(2), 626-634 (2022).

 

  1. M. Afsharnasab, et al., Incidence of white spot disease (WSD) in Penaeus indicus Farms in Bushehr province, Iran, (2007).

 

  1. M. Afsharnasab, et al., Gross sign, histopathology and polymerase chain reaction observations of white spot syndrome virus in shrimp specific pathogen free Litopeneaus vannamei in Iran, Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4(6), 297-305 (2009).

 

  1. H. Du, et al., Increased resistance to white spot syndrome virus in Procambarus clarkii by injection of envelope protein VP28 expressed using recombinant baculovirus, Aquaculture, 260(1-4), 39-43 (2006).

 

  1. M. Heidareh, et al., White spot syndrome virus inactivation study by using gamma irradiation, Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 32(5), 1024-1028 (2014).

 

  1. F. Motamedi Sedeh, et al., Titration of the Iranian White Spot Virus isolate, on Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus and Penaeus semisulcatus, Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 11(1), 145-155 (2012).

 

  1. M.C. Van Hulten, et al., White spot syndrome virus envelope protein VP28 is involved in the systemic infection of shrimp, Virology, 285(2), 228-233 (2001).

 

  1. J. Witteveldt, et al., Protection of Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome virus by oral vaccination, Journal of Virology, 78(4), 2057-2061 (2004).

 

  1. A. Namikoshi, et al., Vaccination trials with Penaeus japonicus to induce resistance to white spot syndrome virus, Aquaculture, 229(1-4), 25-35 (2004).

 

  1. F.M. Sedeh, et al., Preparation of FMD type A87/IRN inactivated vaccine by gamma irradiation and the immune response on guinea pig, Indian Journal of Microbiology, 48(3), 326-330 (2008).

 

  1. G. Karber, Foot and Mouth Disease, Karber Formula for calculation of virus/antibody titres, OIEA. Manual., Overview, (2002).

 

  1. M. Heidarieh, et al, Immunization of Shrimp by Irradiated Vibrio Paraheamolyticus Against White Spot Syndrome Virus, J. of Nucl. Sci. and Tech., 75, 72-79 (2016).

 

  1. F. Motamedi-Sedeh, et al, Protection of Litopenaeus vannamei against white spot syndrome virus by electron-irradiated inactivated vaccine and prebiotic immunogen, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 130, 421–425 (2017).

 

  1. H. Bahnemann, Binary ethylenimine as an inactivant for foot-and-mouth disease virus and its application for vaccine production, Archives of Virology, 47(1), 47-56 (1975).

 

  1. H.G. Bahnemann, Inactivation of viral antigens for vaccine preparation with particular reference to the application of binary ethylenimine, Vaccine, 8(4), 299-303 (1990).

 

  1. F. Brown, et al., The use of acetylethyleneimine in the production of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccines, Epidemiology & Infection, 61(3), 337-344 (1963).

 

  1. T. Grieb, et al., Effective use of gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of monoclonal antibody preparations, Biologicals, 30(3), 207-216 (2002).

 

  1. J. Lombardo, E. Smolko, A biotechnological project with a gamma radiation source of 100,000 ci, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation, Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 35(4-6), 585-589 (1990).

 

  1. J.R. Polley, Factors influencing inactivation of infectivity and hemagglutinin of influenza virus by gamma radiation, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 7(4), 535-541 (1961).

 

  1. C. Kaplan, The antigenicity of γ-irradiated vaccinia virus, Epidemiology & Infection, 58(4), 391-398 (1960).

 

  1. M. Reitman, H.R. Tribble Jr, Inactivation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus by γ-Radiation, Applied Microbiology, 15(6), 1456-1459 (1967).

 

  1. M. Reitman, H.R. Tribble Jr, L. Green, Gamma-irradiated Venezuelan equine encephalitis vaccines, Applied Microbiology, 19(5), 763-767 (1970).

 

  1. E. Pollard, The action of ionizing radiation on viruses, in Advances in Virus Research, Elsevier, 109-151 (1954).

 

  1. W. Ginoza, Inactivation of viruses by ionizing radiation and by heat, Methods in Virology, 4, 139-209 (1968).

 

  1. E.E. Smolko, J.H. Lombardo, Virus inactivation studies using ion beams, electron and gamma irradiation, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 236(1-4), 249-253 (2005).

 

  1. T. Preuss, et al., Comparison of two different methods for inactivation of viruses in serum, Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 4(5), 504-508 (1997)

Keywords

Shrimp
White spot syndrome
Electron beam
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vaccine
  1. Sánchez‐Martínez, J.G., G. Aguirre‐Guzmán, H. Mejía‐Ruíz, White spot syndrome virus in cultured shrimp: a review, Aquaculture Research, 38(13), 1339-1354 (2007).

 

  1. P.S. Mead, et al., Food-related illness and death in the United States, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5(5), 607 (1999).

 

  1. L. Beuchat, Combined effects of water activity, solute, and temperature on the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Applied Microbiology, 27(6), 1075-1080 (1974).

 

  1. C. Pruzzo, et al., Pathogenic Vibrio species in the marine and estuarine environment, in Oceans and health: pathogens in the marine environment, Springer, 217-252 (2005).

 

  1. H.-C. Wong, et al., Incidence of highly genetically diversified Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood imported from Asian countries, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 52(3), 181-188 (1999).

 

  1. B.A. Akhoundzadeh, et al., The study of Vibrio SPP. In cultivated (Paeneus Indicus) and marine (Paeneus Semisulcatus) shrimp obtained from Boushehr a southern province of Iran, (2007).

 

  1. D. Chen, P. Hanna, Immunodetection of specific Vibrio bacteria attaching to tissues of the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 20(2), 159-162 (1994).

 

  1. G. Nash, Vibriosis and its control in pond-reared Penaeus monodon in Thailand, Diseases in Asian Aquaculture, 143-155 (1992).

 

  1. M. Alsharifi, A. Müllbacher, The [gamma]-irradiated influenza vaccine and the prospect of producing safe vaccines in general, Immunology and Cell Biology, 88(2), 103 (2010).

 

  1. B. Raie Jadidi, H. Erfan-Niya, A. Ameghi, Optimizing the process of inactivating influenza virus subtype H9N2 by formalin in the production of killed avian influenza vaccine, Archives of Razi Institute, 72(1), 43-49 (2017).

 

  1. M. Alsharifi, et al., Intranasal flu vaccine protective against seasonal and H5N1 avian influenza infections, PloS One, 4(4), e5336 (2009).

 

  1. A.J. Hume, et al., Inactivation of RNA viruses by gamma irradiation: a study on mitigating factors, Viruses, 8(7), 204 (2016).

 

  1. S. Javan, et al., Evaluation of immune responses and histopathological effects against gamma irradiated avian influenza (Sub type H9N2) vaccine on broiler chicken, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 63, (2020).

 

  1. F. Motamedi Sedeh, et al., Improved Whole Gamma Irradiated Avian Influenza Subtype H9N2 Virus Vaccine Using Trehalose and Optimization of Vaccination Regime on Broiler Chicken, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 978 (2022).

 

  1. F. Motamedi‐Ssedeh, et al., Carboxymethyl chitosan bounded iron oxide nanoparticles and gamma‐irradiated avian influenza subtype H9N2 vaccine to development of immunity on mouse and chicken, Veterinary Medicine and Science, 8(2), 626-634 (2022).

 

  1. M. Afsharnasab, et al., Incidence of white spot disease (WSD) in Penaeus indicus Farms in Bushehr province, Iran, (2007).

 

  1. M. Afsharnasab, et al., Gross sign, histopathology and polymerase chain reaction observations of white spot syndrome virus in shrimp specific pathogen free Litopeneaus vannamei in Iran, Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4(6), 297-305 (2009).

 

  1. H. Du, et al., Increased resistance to white spot syndrome virus in Procambarus clarkii by injection of envelope protein VP28 expressed using recombinant baculovirus, Aquaculture, 260(1-4), 39-43 (2006).

 

  1. M. Heidareh, et al., White spot syndrome virus inactivation study by using gamma irradiation, Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 32(5), 1024-1028 (2014).

 

  1. F. Motamedi Sedeh, et al., Titration of the Iranian White Spot Virus isolate, on Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus and Penaeus semisulcatus, Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 11(1), 145-155 (2012).

 

  1. M.C. Van Hulten, et al., White spot syndrome virus envelope protein VP28 is involved in the systemic infection of shrimp, Virology, 285(2), 228-233 (2001).

 

  1. J. Witteveldt, et al., Protection of Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome virus by oral vaccination, Journal of Virology, 78(4), 2057-2061 (2004).

 

  1. A. Namikoshi, et al., Vaccination trials with Penaeus japonicus to induce resistance to white spot syndrome virus, Aquaculture, 229(1-4), 25-35 (2004).

 

  1. F.M. Sedeh, et al., Preparation of FMD type A87/IRN inactivated vaccine by gamma irradiation and the immune response on guinea pig, Indian Journal of Microbiology, 48(3), 326-330 (2008).

 

  1. G. Karber, Foot and Mouth Disease, Karber Formula for calculation of virus/antibody titres, OIEA. Manual., Overview, (2002).

 

  1. M. Heidarieh, et al, Immunization of Shrimp by Irradiated Vibrio Paraheamolyticus Against White Spot Syndrome Virus, J. of Nucl. Sci. and Tech., 75, 72-79 (2016).

 

  1. F. Motamedi-Sedeh, et al, Protection of Litopenaeus vannamei against white spot syndrome virus by electron-irradiated inactivated vaccine and prebiotic immunogen, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 130, 421–425 (2017).

 

  1. H. Bahnemann, Binary ethylenimine as an inactivant for foot-and-mouth disease virus and its application for vaccine production, Archives of Virology, 47(1), 47-56 (1975).

 

  1. H.G. Bahnemann, Inactivation of viral antigens for vaccine preparation with particular reference to the application of binary ethylenimine, Vaccine, 8(4), 299-303 (1990).

 

  1. F. Brown, et al., The use of acetylethyleneimine in the production of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccines, Epidemiology & Infection, 61(3), 337-344 (1963).

 

  1. T. Grieb, et al., Effective use of gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of monoclonal antibody preparations, Biologicals, 30(3), 207-216 (2002).

 

  1. J. Lombardo, E. Smolko, A biotechnological project with a gamma radiation source of 100,000 ci, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation, Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 35(4-6), 585-589 (1990).

 

  1. J.R. Polley, Factors influencing inactivation of infectivity and hemagglutinin of influenza virus by gamma radiation, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 7(4), 535-541 (1961).

 

  1. C. Kaplan, The antigenicity of γ-irradiated vaccinia virus, Epidemiology & Infection, 58(4), 391-398 (1960).

 

  1. M. Reitman, H.R. Tribble Jr, Inactivation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus by γ-Radiation, Applied Microbiology, 15(6), 1456-1459 (1967).

 

  1. M. Reitman, H.R. Tribble Jr, L. Green, Gamma-irradiated Venezuelan equine encephalitis vaccines, Applied Microbiology, 19(5), 763-767 (1970).

 

  1. E. Pollard, The action of ionizing radiation on viruses, in Advances in Virus Research, Elsevier, 109-151 (1954).

 

  1. W. Ginoza, Inactivation of viruses by ionizing radiation and by heat, Methods in Virology, 4, 139-209 (1968).

 

  1. E.E. Smolko, J.H. Lombardo, Virus inactivation studies using ion beams, electron and gamma irradiation, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 236(1-4), 249-253 (2005).

 

  1. T. Preuss, et al., Comparison of two different methods for inactivation of viruses in serum, Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 4(5), 504-508 (1997)
Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
Volume 44, Issue 4 - Serial Number 106
December 2024
Pages 155-162

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