Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Preparation of PVA Fricke gel dosimeters and survey of concentration and maintenance condition effects on its response

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

M. Sedighi 1
E. Edalatkhah 2
P. Taherparvar 2

1 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O.Box: 413335-1914, Rasht – Iran

2 Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O.Box: 11365-3486, Tehran – Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2024.1585
Abstract
A survey of effective factors on the response of a Fricke gel dosimeter leads to an optimum sample dosimeter with better sensitivity and lower fading in dosimetric applications. In this research, samples of PVA Fricke gel dosimeters were prepared with different concentrations of the constituents. Samples were irradiated up to 60 Gy with a gamma cell. Measurement of the samples with a spectrophotometer showed 10% PVA, atomic mass of 72000, 25 mM sulphuric acid, 0.5 mM ferrous ammonium sulphate, 0.165 mM xylenol orange, 1% glutaraldehyde and ultrapure water has the highest sensitivity. In addition, this composition provides a wider range of linear responses. Preparation of the suggested dosimeter in several groups and maintenance at different conditions, before and after irradiation, showed that the samples maintained in a dark place and refrigerator were stable for up to 10 days, whereas the samples maintained in other conditions lost their stability and started to fade.

Highlights

  1. Lazzeri L, Marini A, Cascone M.G, D'Errico F. Dosimetric and Chemical Characteristics of Fricke Gels based on PVA Matrices Cross-Linked with Glutaraldehyde. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 2019.doi:10.1088/1361-6560-6550/ab135c.

 

  1. Gallo S, Artuso E, Brambilla M.G, Gambarini G, Lenardi C, Monti A.F, Torresin A, Pignoli E, Veronese I, Analysis of the response of PVA-GTA Fricke-gel dosimeters with clinical magnetic resonance imaging. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 2017. doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab08d0.

 

  1. Rabaeh KA, Eyadeh M.M, Hailat T.F, Aldweri F.M, Alheet S.M, Eid R.M, Characterization of ferrous-methylthymol blue-polyvinyl alcohol gel dosimeters using nuclear magnetic resonance and optical techniques. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2018;148:25.

 

  1. Appelby A, Leghrouz A. Imaging of radiation dose by visible color development in ferrousagarosexylenol orange gels. Medical Physics. 1991;18:309.

 

  1. Cavinato C.C, Campos L.L. Study of Fricke gel dosimeter response for different gel quality. Journal of Physics. Conference Series. 2010;249:012064.

 

  1. Bero M.A, Gilboy W.B, Glover P.M, El-Masri H.M, Tissue-equivalent gel for non-invasive spatial radiation dose Measurements. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. B., 2000;166:820.

 

  1. Marrale M, Brai M, Gagliardo C, Gallo S, Longo A, Tranchina L, Abbate B, Collura G, Gallias K, Caputo V, Casto A.L, Midiri M, D’Errico F. Correlation between ferrous ammonium sulfate concentration, sensitivity and stability of Fricke gel dosimeters exposed to clinical X-ray beams. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. B., 2014;335:54.

 

  1. Gohary El MI. Shabban YS. Preparation and characterization of Fricke gel dosimeter. Nat Sci. 2015;13:139-43.

 

  1. Marini A, Lazzeri L, Cascone M.G, Ciolini R, Tana L, D’Errico F. Fricke gel dosimeters with low-diffusion and high-sensitivity based on a chemically cross-linked PVA matrix. Radiation Measurements. 2017.doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.02.012.

 

  1. Rabaeh Kh.A, Eyadeh M.M, Hailat T.F, Aldweri F.M, Alheet S.M, Eid R.M. Characterization of ferrous-methylthymol blue-polyvinyl alcohol gel dosimeters using nuclear magnetic resonance and optical techniques. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2018;148:25.

 

  1. Gallo S, Gambarini G, Veronese I, Argentiere S, Gargano M, Ianni L, Lenardi C, Ludwig N, Pignoli E, D’Errico F. Does the gelation temperature or the sulfuric acid concentration influence the dosimetric properties of radiochromic PVA-GTA Xylenol Orange Fricke gels? Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2019;160:35.

 

  1. Gallo S, Artuso E, Brambilla M.G, Gambarini G, Lenardi C, Monti A.F, Torresin A, Pignoli E, Veronese I. Characterization of radiochromic PVA-GTA Fricke gels for dosimetry in X-rays external radiation therapy. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 2019. doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab08d0.

 

  1. Marrale M, Collura G, Gallo S, Nici S, Tranchina L, Abbate B.F, Marineo S, Caracappa S, D’Errico F. Analysis of spatial diffusion of ferric ions in PVA-GTA gel dosimeters through magnetic resonance imaging. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 2017;396:50.

 

  1. Chu K.C, Jordan K.J, Battista J.J, Van Dyk J, Rutt B.K. Polyvinyl alcohol–Fricke hydrogel and cryogel: two new gel dosimetry systems with low Fe3+ diffusion. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 2000;45:955.

 

  1. Cao F, Yang L, Chen J, Lin H, Fan J, Rong L, Luo W, Zha Y, Wu G. A study on Fricke-PVA-xylenol orange hydrogel dosimeter for E-beam radiotherapy. Nuclear Science and Techniques. 2009;20:152.

Keywords

PVA Fricke gel dosimeters
Dose response
Constituents’ effect
Maintenance conditions
  1. Lazzeri L, Marini A, Cascone M.G, D'Errico F. Dosimetric and Chemical Characteristics of Fricke Gels based on PVA Matrices Cross-Linked with Glutaraldehyde. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 2019.doi:10.1088/1361-6560-6550/ab135c.

 

  1. Gallo S, Artuso E, Brambilla M.G, Gambarini G, Lenardi C, Monti A.F, Torresin A, Pignoli E, Veronese I, Analysis of the response of PVA-GTA Fricke-gel dosimeters with clinical magnetic resonance imaging. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 2017. doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab08d0.

 

  1. Rabaeh KA, Eyadeh M.M, Hailat T.F, Aldweri F.M, Alheet S.M, Eid R.M, Characterization of ferrous-methylthymol blue-polyvinyl alcohol gel dosimeters using nuclear magnetic resonance and optical techniques. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2018;148:25.

 

  1. Appelby A, Leghrouz A. Imaging of radiation dose by visible color development in ferrousagarosexylenol orange gels. Medical Physics. 1991;18:309.

 

  1. Cavinato C.C, Campos L.L. Study of Fricke gel dosimeter response for different gel quality. Journal of Physics. Conference Series. 2010;249:012064.

 

  1. Bero M.A, Gilboy W.B, Glover P.M, El-Masri H.M, Tissue-equivalent gel for non-invasive spatial radiation dose Measurements. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. B., 2000;166:820.

 

  1. Marrale M, Brai M, Gagliardo C, Gallo S, Longo A, Tranchina L, Abbate B, Collura G, Gallias K, Caputo V, Casto A.L, Midiri M, D’Errico F. Correlation between ferrous ammonium sulfate concentration, sensitivity and stability of Fricke gel dosimeters exposed to clinical X-ray beams. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. B., 2014;335:54.

 

  1. Gohary El MI. Shabban YS. Preparation and characterization of Fricke gel dosimeter. Nat Sci. 2015;13:139-43.

 

  1. Marini A, Lazzeri L, Cascone M.G, Ciolini R, Tana L, D’Errico F. Fricke gel dosimeters with low-diffusion and high-sensitivity based on a chemically cross-linked PVA matrix. Radiation Measurements. 2017.doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.02.012.

 

  1. Rabaeh Kh.A, Eyadeh M.M, Hailat T.F, Aldweri F.M, Alheet S.M, Eid R.M. Characterization of ferrous-methylthymol blue-polyvinyl alcohol gel dosimeters using nuclear magnetic resonance and optical techniques. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2018;148:25.

 

  1. Gallo S, Gambarini G, Veronese I, Argentiere S, Gargano M, Ianni L, Lenardi C, Ludwig N, Pignoli E, D’Errico F. Does the gelation temperature or the sulfuric acid concentration influence the dosimetric properties of radiochromic PVA-GTA Xylenol Orange Fricke gels? Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2019;160:35.

 

  1. Gallo S, Artuso E, Brambilla M.G, Gambarini G, Lenardi C, Monti A.F, Torresin A, Pignoli E, Veronese I. Characterization of radiochromic PVA-GTA Fricke gels for dosimetry in X-rays external radiation therapy. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 2019. doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab08d0.

 

  1. Marrale M, Collura G, Gallo S, Nici S, Tranchina L, Abbate B.F, Marineo S, Caracappa S, D’Errico F. Analysis of spatial diffusion of ferric ions in PVA-GTA gel dosimeters through magnetic resonance imaging. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 2017;396:50.

 

  1. Chu K.C, Jordan K.J, Battista J.J, Van Dyk J, Rutt B.K. Polyvinyl alcohol–Fricke hydrogel and cryogel: two new gel dosimetry systems with low Fe3+ diffusion. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 2000;45:955.

 

  1. Cao F, Yang L, Chen J, Lin H, Fan J, Rong L, Luo W, Zha Y, Wu G. A study on Fricke-PVA-xylenol orange hydrogel dosimeter for E-beam radiotherapy. Nuclear Science and Techniques. 2009;20:152.

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