Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Experimental study of the behavior of refractory and non-refractory metals in the 1kJ pulse electric discharge system

Document Type : Scientific Note

Authors

M. Akbari Nasaji
R. Amrollahi
M. Habibi

Department of Physics and Energy Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box: 15875-4413, Tehran – Iran

https://doi.org/10.24200/nst.2024.1600
Abstract
We are studying the experimental behavior of non-refractory and refractory wires in the 1 kJ pulsed electrical system. This article discusses the experimental study of non-refractory (copper-nickel) and refractory (tungsten) explosive wires in pulsed electric discharge systems. The system energy is 1 kJ, the wire length is 4 cm, and its diameter is 200 μm. To study the behavior of the wires, the electrical parameters of current and voltage of electric discharge and shock waves have been investigated. In non-refractory wires, the current is periodic and has two peaks. In refractory wires, two current peaks are formed at a longer time interval. This shows that the energy level of 1 kJ was not enough to change the state and create plasma in this sample of wires. Finally, under the current test conditions and comparison of the experimental results, it can be seen that the non-refractory wires create a more substantial shock wave than the refractory samples. This pressure is 8.5 MPa in non-refractory wire (copper-nickel) and 6 MPa in refractory wire (tungsten). Also, we compared the electrical discharge current for three copper-nickel wires with diameters of 100, 200, and 300 micrometers and experimentally observed that the electrical discharge current is higher in the wire with a thicker diameter.

Highlights

  1. Han R, Wu J, Qiu A, Ding W, Zhang Y. Electrical explosions of Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Nb, Mo, Ag, Ta, W, W-Re, Pt, and Au wires in water: A comparison study. Journal of Applied Physics. 2018;124(4): 043302.

 

  1. Han R, Wu J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Qiu A, Yan J, Ouyang J. Experiments on the characteristics of underwater electrical wire explosions for reservoir stimulation. Matter and Radiation at Extremes. 2020;5(4):047201.

 

  1. Lee Y.S, Bora B, Yap S.L, Wong C.S. Effect of ambient air pressure on synthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles by wire explosion process. Current Applied Physics. 2012;12(1):199-203.

 

  1. Lebedev S.V, Mitchell I.H, Aliaga-Rossel R, Bland S.N, Chittenden J.P, Dangor A.E, Haines M.G. Azimuthal structure and global instability in the implosion phase of wire array Z-pinch experiments. Physical Review Letters. 1998;81(19): 4152.

 

  1. Krasik Y.E, Fedotov A, Sheftman D, Efimov S, Sayapin A, Gurovich V.T, Oreshkin V.I. Underwater electrical wire explosion. Plasma Sources Science and Technology. 2010;19(3):034020.

 

  1. Dennen R.S, Wilson L.N. Exploding Wires, Edited by WG Chace and HK Moore. 1962.

 

  1. Karioris F.G, Fish B.R, Royster G.W. Aerosols from exploding wires. In Exploding Wires. Springer, Boston, MA. 1962;299-311.

 

  1. Lakhani E. Design of exploding wire system. University of California, San Diego. 2018.

 

  1. DeSilva A.W, Katsouros J.D. Electrical conductivity of dense copper and aluminum plasmas. Physical Review E. 1998;57(5):5945.

 

  1. Barbaglia M.O, Rodriguez Prieto G. Electrical behavior of exploding copper wire in ambient air. Physics of Plasmas. 2018;25(7):072108.

 

  1. Liu B, Wang D, Guo Y. Influence of water conductivity on shock waves generated by underwater electrical wire explosion. Physics Letters A. 2018;382(1):49-54.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M. High-voltage charging power supply based on an LCC-type resonant converter operating at continuous conduction mode. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2019;35(5):5461-5478.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M, Eta'ati G.R. Design and construction of a very low energy plasma focus, operating at repetitive discharge mode and pinching evidences. Physics Letters A. 2017;381(34):2813-2820.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M. Stability assessment and operating parameter optimization on experimental results in very small plasma focus, using sensitivity analysis. Physics Letters A. 2018;382(15):1031-1039.

 

  1. Nasaji M.A, Amrollahi R, Habibi M. Experimental and numerical investigation on electrical wire explosion in pulse plasma systems. Physica Scripta. 2023;98(2):025611.

 

  1. Han R, Wu J, Qiu A, Zhou H, Wang Y, Yan J, Ding W. A platform for exploding wires in different media. Review of Scientific Instruments. 2017;88(10):103504.

 

  1. Yu Qing, Hui Zhang, Ruizhi Yang, Zhixiang Cai, Kerou Liu. Experimental and numerical study on the effect of electrohydraulic shock wave on concrete fracturing. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2022:110685.

Keywords

Pulse plasma system
Shockwave
Wire explosion
Electrical discharge
  1. Han R, Wu J, Qiu A, Ding W, Zhang Y. Electrical explosions of Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Nb, Mo, Ag, Ta, W, W-Re, Pt, and Au wires in water: A comparison study. Journal of Applied Physics. 2018;124(4): 043302.

 

  1. Han R, Wu J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Qiu A, Yan J, Ouyang J. Experiments on the characteristics of underwater electrical wire explosions for reservoir stimulation. Matter and Radiation at Extremes. 2020;5(4):047201.

 

  1. Lee Y.S, Bora B, Yap S.L, Wong C.S. Effect of ambient air pressure on synthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles by wire explosion process. Current Applied Physics. 2012;12(1):199-203.

 

  1. Lebedev S.V, Mitchell I.H, Aliaga-Rossel R, Bland S.N, Chittenden J.P, Dangor A.E, Haines M.G. Azimuthal structure and global instability in the implosion phase of wire array Z-pinch experiments. Physical Review Letters. 1998;81(19): 4152.

 

  1. Krasik Y.E, Fedotov A, Sheftman D, Efimov S, Sayapin A, Gurovich V.T, Oreshkin V.I. Underwater electrical wire explosion. Plasma Sources Science and Technology. 2010;19(3):034020.

 

  1. Dennen R.S, Wilson L.N. Exploding Wires, Edited by WG Chace and HK Moore. 1962.

 

  1. Karioris F.G, Fish B.R, Royster G.W. Aerosols from exploding wires. In Exploding Wires. Springer, Boston, MA. 1962;299-311.

 

  1. Lakhani E. Design of exploding wire system. University of California, San Diego. 2018.

 

  1. DeSilva A.W, Katsouros J.D. Electrical conductivity of dense copper and aluminum plasmas. Physical Review E. 1998;57(5):5945.

 

  1. Barbaglia M.O, Rodriguez Prieto G. Electrical behavior of exploding copper wire in ambient air. Physics of Plasmas. 2018;25(7):072108.

 

  1. Liu B, Wang D, Guo Y. Influence of water conductivity on shock waves generated by underwater electrical wire explosion. Physics Letters A. 2018;382(1):49-54.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M. High-voltage charging power supply based on an LCC-type resonant converter operating at continuous conduction mode. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2019;35(5):5461-5478.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M, Eta'ati G.R. Design and construction of a very low energy plasma focus, operating at repetitive discharge mode and pinching evidences. Physics Letters A. 2017;381(34):2813-2820.

 

  1. Jafari H, Habibi M. Stability assessment and operating parameter optimization on experimental results in very small plasma focus, using sensitivity analysis. Physics Letters A. 2018;382(15):1031-1039.

 

  1. Nasaji M.A, Amrollahi R, Habibi M. Experimental and numerical investigation on electrical wire explosion in pulse plasma systems. Physica Scripta. 2023;98(2):025611.

 

  1. Han R, Wu J, Qiu A, Zhou H, Wang Y, Yan J, Ding W. A platform for exploding wires in different media. Review of Scientific Instruments. 2017;88(10):103504.

 

  1. Yu Qing, Hui Zhang, Ruizhi Yang, Zhixiang Cai, Kerou Liu. Experimental and numerical study on the effect of electrohydraulic shock wave on concrete fracturing. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2022:110685.
Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
Volume 45, Issue 3 - Serial Number 109
October 2024
Pages 174-180

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