Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Synthesis and Optimization of Polyethylene Glycol Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Used as D2EHPA Carriers

Document Type : Scientific Note

Authors

K Saberyan
M Maghsudi
R Ghasemzadeh
M Rahiminezhad Soltani
Abstract
Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation of FeCl3.6H2O and FeCl2.4H2O with addition of sodium hydroxide. The conditions for the preparation of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were optimized, and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles obtained were characterized systematically by means oftransmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the magnetic nanoparticles were semispherical with the average diameter of 8-25nm. XRD results did not show any phase variation due to PEG coating. It was found that the variation of acid and sodium hydroxide concentrations and quantity of the Polyethylene glycol (PEG) played a critical role in size and structure of nanoparticles. Finally, the surface of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles was cooted with D2EHPA.

Highlights

 

  1. 1.    S.H. Huang, D.H. Chen, Rapid removal of heavy metal cations and anions from aqueous solutions by an amino-functionalized magnetic nano-adsorbent, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163 (2009) 174-179.

 

  1. 2.    L. NuFiez, M. Kaminski, C. Bradley, B.A. Buchholz, S. Landsberger, S.B. Aase, H.E. Tuazon, G.F. Vandegrift, Magnetically assisted chemical separation (MACS) process: preparation and optimization of particles for removal of transuranic element, in: A.N. laboratory (Ed.), Chemical Technology Division, Argonne (1995).

 

  1. 3.    P.A. Dresco, V.S. Zaitsev, R.J. Gambino, B. Chu, Preparation and properties of magnetite and polymer magnetite nanoparticles, Langmuir 15 (1999) 1945-1951.

 

  1. 4.    P.C. Morais, B.M. Lacava, A.F. Bakuzis, L.M. Lacava, L.P. Silva, R.B. Azevedo, Z.G.M. Lacava, N. Buske, W.C. Nunes, M.A. Novak, Atomic force microscopy and magnetization investigation of a water-based magnetic fluid, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 226-230 (2001) 1899-1900.

 

  1. 5.    D. Bahadur, J. Giri, B. Nayak, T. Sriharsha, P. Pradhan, N. Prasad, K. Barick, R. Ambashta, Processing, properties and some novel applications of magnetic nanoparticles, Pramana, 65 (2005) 663-679.

 

  1. 6.    L. Zeng, R. Hu, Z. Wu, Q. He, Preparation and characterization of amino-coated maghemite nanoparticles, 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, ICBBE (2010).

 

  1. 7.    Q. Hongzhang, Y. Biao, L. Chengkui, Preparation and magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles by sol-gel method, Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC), 3rd International, (2010) 888-889.

 

  1. 8.    R.Y. Hong, J.H. Li, H.Z. Li, J. Ding, Y. Zheng, D.G. Wei, Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles without inert gas protection used as precursors of magnetic fluids, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 320 (2008) 1605-1614.

 

  1. 9.    Y. Zhao, Z. Qiu, J. Huang, Preparation and analysis of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles used as targeted-drug carriers supported by the technology project of jiangxi provincial education department and jiangxi provincial science department, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 16 (2008) 451-45.

 

  1.  M. Chastellain, A. Petri, H. Hofmann, Particle size investigations of a multistep synthesis of PVA coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 278 (2004) 353-360.

 

  1.  A.F. Ngomsik, A. Bee, M. Draye, G. Cote, V. Cabuil, Magnetic nano- and microparticles for metal removal and environmental applications: A review, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 8 (2005) 963-970.

 

  1.  A. Navrotsky, Nanomaterials in the environment, agriculture, and technology (NEAT), Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2 (2000) 321-323.

 

  1.  P. Fulmer, M. Manivel Raja, A. Manthiram, Chemical synthesis, processing, and characterization of nanostructured Fe-B for the magnetically assisted chemical separation of hazardous waste, Chemistry of Materials, 13 (2001) 2160-2168.

 

  1.  M.H. Liao, D.H. Chen, Preparation and characterization of a novel magnetic nano-adsorbent, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 12 (2002) 3654-3659.

 

  1.  M. Faraji, Y. Yamini, M. Rezaee, Extraction of trace amounts of mercury with sodium dodecyle sulphate-coated magnetite nanoparticles and its determination by flow injection inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, Talanta, 81 (2010) 831-836.

 

  1.  M.D. Kaminski, L. Nunez, A.E. Visser, Evaluation of extractant-coated ferromagnetic microparticles for the recovery of hazardous metals from waste solution, Separation Science and Technology, 34 (1999) 1103-1120.

 

  1.  D.A. Fleming, M. Napolitano, M.E. Williams, Chemically functional alkanethiol derivitized magnetic nanoparticles, Materials Research Society Symposium-Proceedings, (2002) 207-212.

 

  1.  H.A. Tsai, C.H. Chen, W.C. Lee, Influence of surface hydrophobic groups on the adsorption of proteins onto nonporous polymeric particles with immobilized metal ions, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 240 (2001) 379-383.

 

  1.  C.B. Bauer, R.D. Rogers, L. Nunez, M.D. Ziemer, T.T. Pleune, G.V. Vandegrift, Review and evaluation of extractants for strontium removal using magnetically assisted chemical separation, Report ANL-95/26, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne (1995).

 

  1.  C. Bergemann, D. Muller-Schulte, J. Oster, L. a Brassard, A.S. Lubbe, Magnetic ion-exchange nano- and microparticles for medical, biochemical and molecular biological applications, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 194 (1999) 45-52.

  2.  J.Y. Tseng, C.Y. Chang, Y.H. Chen, C.F. Chang, P.C. Chiang, Synthesis of micro-size magnetic polymer adsorbent and its application for the removal of Cu(II) ion, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 295 (2007) 209-216.

 

  1.  G.D. Moeser, K.A. Roach, W.H. Green, P.E. Laibinis, T.A. Hatton, Water-based magnetic fluids as extractants for synthetic organic compounds, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 41 (2002) 4739-4749.

 

  1.  S. Nath, C. Kaittanis, V. Ramachandran, N.S. Dalal, J.M. Perez, Synthesis, magnetic characterization, and sensing applications of novel dextran-coated iron oxide nanorods, Chemistry of Materials, 21 (2009) 1761-1767.

 

  1.  L.T. Lee, P. Somasundaran, Adsorption of polyacrylamide on oxide minerals, Langmuir, 5 (1989) 854-860.

 

  1.  R.D. Ambashta, S. Mohammad Yusuf, M.D. Mukadam, S. Singh, P. Kishan Wattal, D. Bahadur, Physical and chemical properties of nanoscale magnetite-based solvent extractant, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 293 (2005) 8-14.

 

  1.  M.P. Morales, A.G. Roca, C.J. Serna, Synthesis of monodispersed magnetite particles from different organometallic precursors, INTERMAG 2006-IEEE International Magnetics Conference, 555 (2006).

 

  1.  M. Mahmoudi, A. Simchi, M. Imani, U.O. Hafeli, Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with rigid cross-linked polyethylene glycol fumarate coating for application in imaging and drug delivery, Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113 (2009) 8124-8131.

 

  1.  G. Yi, X. Zhang, F. Liu, J. Cheng, Y. Mi, H. Zhang, Preparation of CNTs-supported Fe3O4 and Fe 3C nano-particles and the investigation on their magnetic properties, Proceedings of 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, 1st IEEE-NEMS, (2006) 649-652.

 

  1.  R.Y. Hong, T.T. Pan, H.Z. Li, Microwave synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles used as a precursor of nanocomposites and ferrofluids, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 303 (2006) 60-68.

 

  1.  H. Zhang, Preparation and applications of catalytic magnetic nanoparticles, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2009).

Keywords

Magnetic Magnetite Nanoparticles
Chemical Co-Precipitation
Polyethylene Glycol
D2EHPA

  1.  

    1. 1.    S.H. Huang, D.H. Chen, Rapid removal of heavy metal cations and anions from aqueous solutions by an amino-functionalized magnetic nano-adsorbent, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163 (2009) 174-179.

     

    1. 2.    L. NuFiez, M. Kaminski, C. Bradley, B.A. Buchholz, S. Landsberger, S.B. Aase, H.E. Tuazon, G.F. Vandegrift, Magnetically assisted chemical separation (MACS) process: preparation and optimization of particles for removal of transuranic element, in: A.N. laboratory (Ed.), Chemical Technology Division, Argonne (1995).

     

    1. 3.    P.A. Dresco, V.S. Zaitsev, R.J. Gambino, B. Chu, Preparation and properties of magnetite and polymer magnetite nanoparticles, Langmuir 15 (1999) 1945-1951.

     

    1. 4.    P.C. Morais, B.M. Lacava, A.F. Bakuzis, L.M. Lacava, L.P. Silva, R.B. Azevedo, Z.G.M. Lacava, N. Buske, W.C. Nunes, M.A. Novak, Atomic force microscopy and magnetization investigation of a water-based magnetic fluid, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 226-230 (2001) 1899-1900.

     

    1. 5.    D. Bahadur, J. Giri, B. Nayak, T. Sriharsha, P. Pradhan, N. Prasad, K. Barick, R. Ambashta, Processing, properties and some novel applications of magnetic nanoparticles, Pramana, 65 (2005) 663-679.

     

    1. 6.    L. Zeng, R. Hu, Z. Wu, Q. He, Preparation and characterization of amino-coated maghemite nanoparticles, 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, ICBBE (2010).

     

    1. 7.    Q. Hongzhang, Y. Biao, L. Chengkui, Preparation and magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles by sol-gel method, Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC), 3rd International, (2010) 888-889.

     

    1. 8.    R.Y. Hong, J.H. Li, H.Z. Li, J. Ding, Y. Zheng, D.G. Wei, Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles without inert gas protection used as precursors of magnetic fluids, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 320 (2008) 1605-1614.

     

    1. 9.    Y. Zhao, Z. Qiu, J. Huang, Preparation and analysis of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles used as targeted-drug carriers supported by the technology project of jiangxi provincial education department and jiangxi provincial science department, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 16 (2008) 451-45.

     

    1.  M. Chastellain, A. Petri, H. Hofmann, Particle size investigations of a multistep synthesis of PVA coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 278 (2004) 353-360.

     

    1.  A.F. Ngomsik, A. Bee, M. Draye, G. Cote, V. Cabuil, Magnetic nano- and microparticles for metal removal and environmental applications: A review, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 8 (2005) 963-970.

     

    1.  A. Navrotsky, Nanomaterials in the environment, agriculture, and technology (NEAT), Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2 (2000) 321-323.

     

    1.  P. Fulmer, M. Manivel Raja, A. Manthiram, Chemical synthesis, processing, and characterization of nanostructured Fe-B for the magnetically assisted chemical separation of hazardous waste, Chemistry of Materials, 13 (2001) 2160-2168.

     

    1.  M.H. Liao, D.H. Chen, Preparation and characterization of a novel magnetic nano-adsorbent, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 12 (2002) 3654-3659.

     

    1.  M. Faraji, Y. Yamini, M. Rezaee, Extraction of trace amounts of mercury with sodium dodecyle sulphate-coated magnetite nanoparticles and its determination by flow injection inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, Talanta, 81 (2010) 831-836.

     

    1.  M.D. Kaminski, L. Nunez, A.E. Visser, Evaluation of extractant-coated ferromagnetic microparticles for the recovery of hazardous metals from waste solution, Separation Science and Technology, 34 (1999) 1103-1120.

     

    1.  D.A. Fleming, M. Napolitano, M.E. Williams, Chemically functional alkanethiol derivitized magnetic nanoparticles, Materials Research Society Symposium-Proceedings, (2002) 207-212.

     

    1.  H.A. Tsai, C.H. Chen, W.C. Lee, Influence of surface hydrophobic groups on the adsorption of proteins onto nonporous polymeric particles with immobilized metal ions, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 240 (2001) 379-383.

     

    1.  C.B. Bauer, R.D. Rogers, L. Nunez, M.D. Ziemer, T.T. Pleune, G.V. Vandegrift, Review and evaluation of extractants for strontium removal using magnetically assisted chemical separation, Report ANL-95/26, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne (1995).

     

    1.  C. Bergemann, D. Muller-Schulte, J. Oster, L. a Brassard, A.S. Lubbe, Magnetic ion-exchange nano- and microparticles for medical, biochemical and molecular biological applications, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 194 (1999) 45-52.

    2.  J.Y. Tseng, C.Y. Chang, Y.H. Chen, C.F. Chang, P.C. Chiang, Synthesis of micro-size magnetic polymer adsorbent and its application for the removal of Cu(II) ion, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 295 (2007) 209-216.

     

    1.  G.D. Moeser, K.A. Roach, W.H. Green, P.E. Laibinis, T.A. Hatton, Water-based magnetic fluids as extractants for synthetic organic compounds, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 41 (2002) 4739-4749.

     

    1.  S. Nath, C. Kaittanis, V. Ramachandran, N.S. Dalal, J.M. Perez, Synthesis, magnetic characterization, and sensing applications of novel dextran-coated iron oxide nanorods, Chemistry of Materials, 21 (2009) 1761-1767.

     

    1.  L.T. Lee, P. Somasundaran, Adsorption of polyacrylamide on oxide minerals, Langmuir, 5 (1989) 854-860.

     

    1.  R.D. Ambashta, S. Mohammad Yusuf, M.D. Mukadam, S. Singh, P. Kishan Wattal, D. Bahadur, Physical and chemical properties of nanoscale magnetite-based solvent extractant, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 293 (2005) 8-14.

     

    1.  M.P. Morales, A.G. Roca, C.J. Serna, Synthesis of monodispersed magnetite particles from different organometallic precursors, INTERMAG 2006-IEEE International Magnetics Conference, 555 (2006).

     

    1.  M. Mahmoudi, A. Simchi, M. Imani, U.O. Hafeli, Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with rigid cross-linked polyethylene glycol fumarate coating for application in imaging and drug delivery, Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113 (2009) 8124-8131.

     

    1.  G. Yi, X. Zhang, F. Liu, J. Cheng, Y. Mi, H. Zhang, Preparation of CNTs-supported Fe3O4 and Fe 3C nano-particles and the investigation on their magnetic properties, Proceedings of 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, 1st IEEE-NEMS, (2006) 649-652.

     

    1.  R.Y. Hong, T.T. Pan, H.Z. Li, Microwave synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles used as a precursor of nanocomposites and ferrofluids, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 303 (2006) 60-68.

     

    1.  H. Zhang, Preparation and applications of catalytic magnetic nanoparticles, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2009).

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