Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Estimation of Caesium-137 Intake in Dicentrarchus Labrax by Using Compartmental Model and Neural Network

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

E Yahaghi
A Movafeghi
M.A Askari
G Karimi Diba
N Mohammadzadeh
Abstract
Cs-137 is one of the fission products that is usually released in environment after nuclear accidents. This contamination remains in environment for a long time due to long half life of Cs-137 (30 years) and can enter easily into the human food chain. A two-compartmental model was implemented to describe caesium intake and its distribution in Dicentrarchus Labrax, using a proposed differential equation model. The model included two compartments, the first compartment was the blood and the second one was the tissue. The activity of Cs-137 was undertaken in each compartment by means of a numerical method and the activity of Cs-137 was considered as an input of compartmental equations. We obtained the transfer coefficients between fish tissues by comparing the radiation curves with the actual data. In the light of the differences with the transfer coefficients, the calculation by the COMKAT software was found to be about 2%. Then, we provided the activity curves of Cs-137 and their charactristics (feature extractions) by changing the transfer coefficients and they were utilized to train the neural network. The network was trained for six data groups, and the results of the network testing had about 99% correct response, therefore it can be employed to estimate the transfer coefficients in fish tissue, the salinity range, and the activity of Cs-137 in water.

Highlights

  1. G.Y. Bystrzejewska-Piotrowska, P.Ł. Urban, Accumulation of cesiumin leaves of lepidums sativam and its influence on photo synthetics and transpiration, ACTA Biological Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 45(2) (2003) 131–137.

     

  2. NCRP Report No. 154, Cesium-137 in the Environment: Radioecology and Approaches to Assessment and Management Radiation Protection: A Memoir of the National Radiological Protection Board, J. Radiol. Prot., 27 (2007) 375.

 

  1. M. Kaikkonen, A novel assay method for measuring addedplasma caesium and its application in themeasurement of short-term kinetics, ACADEMIC DISSERTATION, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Helsinki, in Walter Auditorium, Agnes Sjoberginkatu, 2 (2006) 27.

 

  1. Y.G. Zhu, E. Smolders, Plant uptake radiocesium: arewiew of mechanism, regulation and application, Journal of Experimental Botany, 51 (351) (2000) 1653-1654.

 

  1. R. Handley, R. Overstree, Uptake of Carrier-free 137-Cs by Ramalina reticulata'-t Plant, Physiol., 43 (1968) 1401-1405.

 

  1. J. Hattink, N. Celis, G. De Boeck, C.  KrijgeG, R. Blust, Accumulation of 137-Cs in the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus Labrax (L.) in a salinity gradient: Importance of uptake via gills, diet and ingested water Radioprotection, C- EDP Sciences, 44(5) (2009) 665–670.

 

  1. K.N. Ishikawa, K. Tagami, S. Uchida, Estimation of 137-Cs Plant Root Uptake Using Naturally Existing 133Cs, Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, Supplement, 6 (2008) 146–151.

 

  1. S.W. Paine, A. Parker, J.P. Gardiner, P.J.H. Webborn, R.J. Riley, Prediction of the Pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, and Indomethacin Using Kinetic Models Appliedto Isolated Rat Hepatocytes Drug Mmetabolism and Disposition, D.M.D., 36 (2008) 1365–1374.

 

  1. M. Steiner, I. Linkov, S. Yoshida, The role of fungi in the transfer and cycling of radionuclides in forest ecosystems, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 58 (2002) 217–241.

 

  1.  V. Leland Miller, F. Nancy Krebs, K. Michael Hambidge, A Mathematical Model of Zinc Absorptionin Humans As a Function of Dietary Zinc and Phytate, The Journal of Nutrition Methodology and Mathematical Modeling, 19 (2010) 135-141.

 

  1.  P.K.N. Yu, P.K.S. Lam, B.K.P. Ng, A.M.Y. Li, Biokinetic of Cesium in Perna Viridis, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 19(2) (2000) 271–275.

 

  1.  J. Dighton, T. Tugay, N. Zhdanova, Fungi and ionizing radiationfromradionuclides, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 281 (2008) 109–120.

 

  1.  CH.A.N Prause, External Detection and Measurment of Inhaled Radionuclides Using Thermoluminencent Dosimeters, the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A and M Universityin partial fullfillment to the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, December, (2006).

 

  1.  G. Sanchez, J. Lopez-Fidalgo, Mathematical Techniques For Solving Analitically Large Compartmental Systems, Health Physics Society, (2003) 184-193.

 

  1.  W.R. Parks, D.S. Levine, D.L. Long, Fundamentals of Neural Network Modeling: Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuro. science, The MIT Press (1998).

 

  1.  L.J. Pez-fidalgo, J.M. Rodri´guez-di´az, G.SA´ Nchez, M.T. Santos-marti´n, Optimal Designs for Compartmental Models with Correlated Observations, Journal of Applied Statistics, 32(10) (2005) 1075–1088.

 

 R.W. Leggetta, L.R. Williamsb, D.R. Meloc, J.L. Lipszteinc, A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the humanbody, The Science of the Total Environment, 317 (2003) 235–255.

Keywords

Caesium-137
Two-Compartmental Model
Dicentrarchus Labrax
Transfer Factors
Neural Network

  1. G.Y. Bystrzejewska-Piotrowska, P.Ł. Urban, Accumulation of cesiumin leaves of lepidums sativam and its influence on photo synthetics and transpiration, ACTA Biological Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 45(2) (2003) 131–137.

     

  2. NCRP Report No. 154, Cesium-137 in the Environment: Radioecology and Approaches to Assessment and Management Radiation Protection: A Memoir of the National Radiological Protection Board, J. Radiol. Prot., 27 (2007) 375.

 

  1. M. Kaikkonen, A novel assay method for measuring addedplasma caesium and its application in themeasurement of short-term kinetics, ACADEMIC DISSERTATION, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Helsinki, in Walter Auditorium, Agnes Sjoberginkatu, 2 (2006) 27.

 

  1. Y.G. Zhu, E. Smolders, Plant uptake radiocesium: arewiew of mechanism, regulation and application, Journal of Experimental Botany, 51 (351) (2000) 1653-1654.

 

  1. R. Handley, R. Overstree, Uptake of Carrier-free 137-Cs by Ramalina reticulata'-t Plant, Physiol., 43 (1968) 1401-1405.

 

  1. J. Hattink, N. Celis, G. De Boeck, C.  KrijgeG, R. Blust, Accumulation of 137-Cs in the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus Labrax (L.) in a salinity gradient: Importance of uptake via gills, diet and ingested water Radioprotection, C- EDP Sciences, 44(5) (2009) 665–670.

 

  1. K.N. Ishikawa, K. Tagami, S. Uchida, Estimation of 137-Cs Plant Root Uptake Using Naturally Existing 133Cs, Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, Supplement, 6 (2008) 146–151.

 

  1. S.W. Paine, A. Parker, J.P. Gardiner, P.J.H. Webborn, R.J. Riley, Prediction of the Pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, and Indomethacin Using Kinetic Models Appliedto Isolated Rat Hepatocytes Drug Mmetabolism and Disposition, D.M.D., 36 (2008) 1365–1374.

 

  1. M. Steiner, I. Linkov, S. Yoshida, The role of fungi in the transfer and cycling of radionuclides in forest ecosystems, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 58 (2002) 217–241.

 

  1.  V. Leland Miller, F. Nancy Krebs, K. Michael Hambidge, A Mathematical Model of Zinc Absorptionin Humans As a Function of Dietary Zinc and Phytate, The Journal of Nutrition Methodology and Mathematical Modeling, 19 (2010) 135-141.

 

  1.  P.K.N. Yu, P.K.S. Lam, B.K.P. Ng, A.M.Y. Li, Biokinetic of Cesium in Perna Viridis, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 19(2) (2000) 271–275.

 

  1.  J. Dighton, T. Tugay, N. Zhdanova, Fungi and ionizing radiationfromradionuclides, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 281 (2008) 109–120.

 

  1.  CH.A.N Prause, External Detection and Measurment of Inhaled Radionuclides Using Thermoluminencent Dosimeters, the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A and M Universityin partial fullfillment to the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, December, (2006).

 

  1.  G. Sanchez, J. Lopez-Fidalgo, Mathematical Techniques For Solving Analitically Large Compartmental Systems, Health Physics Society, (2003) 184-193.

 

  1.  W.R. Parks, D.S. Levine, D.L. Long, Fundamentals of Neural Network Modeling: Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuro. science, The MIT Press (1998).

 

  1.  L.J. Pez-fidalgo, J.M. Rodri´guez-di´az, G.SA´ Nchez, M.T. Santos-marti´n, Optimal Designs for Compartmental Models with Correlated Observations, Journal of Applied Statistics, 32(10) (2005) 1075–1088.

 

 R.W. Leggetta, L.R. Williamsb, D.R. Meloc, J.L. Lipszteinc, A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the humanbody, The Science of the Total Environment, 317 (2003) 235–255.

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