Structural and Optical Changes of Poly-Vinylidene Fluoride by Electron Irradiation at High Dose Rate

Jaleh, B; Fakhri, P; Borhani, M; Habibi, S; Noroozi, M

Structural and Optical Changes of Poly-Vinylidene Fluoride by Electron Irradiation at High Dose Rate

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

B Jaleh

P Fakhri

M Borhani

S Habibi

M Noroozi

Abstract

Poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films were prepared and irradiated by 10MeV electrons at different doses ranging from 50 to 300kGy with a dose rate of 10kGy/s. The FTIR results indicated that no major phase content change was observed. The optical absorption spectra indicated that the electron irradiation results in shifting of the absorption peak, appearance of a new peak and increasing the band gap (Eg). These changes may be due to the breaking of polymer chains and creation of new defects. The X-ray diffraction analysis of samples indicated that the crystallinity did not show any major changes. Concerning the gel fraction measurements, it was observed that gel fraction increases with increasing the dose, where it is an indication of the formation of cross-linked films.

Highlights

E. Fukada, “History and recent progress in piezoelectric polymers,” IEEE Transactions On Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 47, 6 (2000).
A.V. Shirinov, W.K. Schomburg, “Pressure sensor from a PVDF film,” Sensors and Actuators A 142 (2008).

P. Ueberschlag, “PVDF piezoelectric Polymer,” Sensor Review 21, 6 (2001).

C. Chandrana, J. Talman, T. Pan, S. Roy, A. Fleischman, “Design and analysis of MEMS Based PVDF ultrasonic transducers for vascular imaging,” Sensors 10 (2010).

A. Samili, A.A. Yousefi, “Conformational changes and phase transformation Mechanisms in PVDF solution-cast films,” J. Polymer Science, 42 (2004).

B. Mohammadi, A.A. Yousefi, S. Moemen Bellah, “Effect of tensile strain rate and elongation on crystalline structure and piezoelectric properties of PVDF thin films,” Polymer Testing, 26 (2007).

S. Lanceros-Me´ndez, J.F. Mano, A.M. Costa, V.H. Schmidt, “FTIR AND DSC STUDIES OF MECHANICALLY DEFORMED β-PVDF FILMS,” J. Macromol. Sci. Physics, 40 (2001).

Y.J. Park, Y.S. Kang, C. Park, “Micropatterning of semicrystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) solutions,” European Polymer Journal, 41 (2005).

D. Dasgupta, S. Manna, A. Garai, A. Dawn, C. Rochas, J.M. Guenet, A.K. Nandi, “Morphology, Structure, Rheology, and Thermodynamics of Piezoelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Ethylene Carbonate Thermoreversible Gel,” Macromolecules, 41 (2008).

Y. Bormashenko, R. Pogreb, O. Stanevsky, Ed. Bormashenko, “Vibrational spectrum of PVDF and its interpretation,” Polymer Testing, 23 (2004).

B. Jaleh, P. Parvin, N. Sheikh, F. Ziaie, M. Haghshenas, L. Bozorg, “Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of electron beam-irradiated polycarbonate film,” Radiation Physics Chemistry, 76 ( 2007).

E. Adema, J. Rickards, G. Burillo, M. Avalos-Borja, “Changes in poly-vinylidene fluoride produced by electron irradiation,” Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 54, 637-641 (1999).

M.M. Nasef, H. Saidi, K. Zaman, M. Dahlan, “Investigation of electron irradiation induced-changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride) films,” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 75, 85-92 (2002).

Y.M. Lim, et al, “Effect of Electron BeamIrradiation on Poly(vinylicdene fluoride) Films at the Melting Temperature,” J. Ind. Chem, 12, 4, 589-593 (2006).

S. Aarya, Siddhartha, A.K. Srivastava, A. Saha, M.A. Wahab, “Effect of 1.25MeV gamma irradiation in a-phased PVDF,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 267, 3545-3548 (2009).

S. Kilarkaje, V. Manjunatha1, S. Raghu, A. Prasad, H. Devendrappa, “Effect of 8MeV electron irradiation on the optical properties of doped polymer electrolyte films,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 44, 105403 (2011).

E.M. Abdelrazek, R. Holze, “Structural, optical and some physical properties of PVDF films filled with LiBr/MnCl₂ mixed fillers,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, 406, 4, 766-770 (2011).

S. Park, J.O. Baker, M.E. Himmel, P.A. Parilla, D.K. Johnson, “Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance,” Biotechnology for Biofuels, 3:10 (2010).

Keywords

Polyvinylidene Fluoride

Electron Irradiation

Cross-Linking

1. E. Fukada, “History and recent progress in piezoelectric polymers,” IEEE Transactions On Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 47, 6 (2000).
2. A.V. Shirinov, W.K. Schomburg, “Pressure sensor from a PVDF film,” Sensors and Actuators A 142 (2008).
1. P. Ueberschlag, “PVDF piezoelectric Polymer,” Sensor Review 21, 6 (2001).
1. C. Chandrana, J. Talman, T. Pan, S. Roy, A. Fleischman, “Design and analysis of MEMS Based PVDF ultrasonic transducers for vascular imaging,” Sensors 10 (2010).
1. A. Samili, A.A. Yousefi, “Conformational changes and phase transformation Mechanisms in PVDF solution-cast films,” J. Polymer Science, 42 (2004).
1. B. Mohammadi, A.A. Yousefi, S. Moemen Bellah, “Effect of tensile strain rate and elongation on crystalline structure and piezoelectric properties of PVDF thin films,” Polymer Testing, 26 (2007).
1. S. Lanceros-Me´ndez, J.F. Mano, A.M. Costa, V.H. Schmidt, “FTIR AND DSC STUDIES OF MECHANICALLY DEFORMED β-PVDF FILMS,” J. Macromol. Sci. Physics, 40 (2001).
1. Y.J. Park, Y.S. Kang, C. Park, “Micropatterning of semicrystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) solutions,” European Polymer Journal, 41 (2005).
1. D. Dasgupta, S. Manna, A. Garai, A. Dawn, C. Rochas, J.M. Guenet, A.K. Nandi, “Morphology, Structure, Rheology, and Thermodynamics of Piezoelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Ethylene Carbonate Thermoreversible Gel,” Macromolecules, 41 (2008).
1. Y. Bormashenko, R. Pogreb, O. Stanevsky, Ed. Bormashenko, “Vibrational spectrum of PVDF and its interpretation,” Polymer Testing, 23 (2004).
1. B. Jaleh, P. Parvin, N. Sheikh, F. Ziaie, M. Haghshenas, L. Bozorg, “Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of electron beam-irradiated polycarbonate film,” Radiation Physics Chemistry, 76 ( 2007).
1. E. Adema, J. Rickards, G. Burillo, M. Avalos-Borja, “Changes in poly-vinylidene fluoride produced by electron irradiation,” Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 54, 637-641 (1999).
1. M.M. Nasef, H. Saidi, K. Zaman, M. Dahlan, “Investigation of electron irradiation induced-changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride) films,” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 75, 85-92 (2002).
1. Y.M. Lim, et al, “Effect of Electron BeamIrradiation on Poly(vinylicdene fluoride) Films at the Melting Temperature,” J. Ind. Chem, 12, 4, 589-593 (2006).
1. S. Aarya, Siddhartha, A.K. Srivastava, A. Saha, M.A. Wahab, “Effect of 1.25MeV gamma irradiation in a-phased PVDF,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 267, 3545-3548 (2009).
1. S. Kilarkaje, V. Manjunatha1, S. Raghu, A. Prasad, H. Devendrappa, “Effect of 8MeV electron irradiation on the optical properties of doped polymer electrolyte films,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 44, 105403 (2011).
1. E.M. Abdelrazek, R. Holze, “Structural, optical and some physical properties of PVDF films filled with LiBr/MnCl₂ mixed fillers,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, 406, 4, 766-770 (2011).
1. S. Park, J.O. Baker, M.E. Himmel, P.A. Parilla, D.K. Johnson, “Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance,” Biotechnology for Biofuels, 3:10 (2010).