Effect of Gamma Radiation on Nutritional Indices of Larval and Adults Stages of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Ahmadi, M; Moharramipour, S

Effect of Gamma Radiation on Nutritional Indices of Larval and Adults Stages of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

M Ahmadi

S Moharramipour

Abstract

In this study antifeedant effect of different doses of gamma radiation as a controlling safe method on flour weevil, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) larvae and adult was studied. Doses of 100, 400, 600, 800 and 1000Gy of gamma radiation were used and after 72 hours, nutritional indices were evaluated. The relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI)and feeding deterrence index (FDI) as nutritional indices were evaluated. Treatments were assessed by flour wheat disc at 27±1˚C and 65% humidity in a dark condition. The results showed that the relative growth rate of flour weevil larvae and adults decreased significantly (P<0.05) by gamma radiation and the severity of this reduction in larvae was higher than the adults. Although the relative growth rates decreased in adults, this rate in doses of 400, 600, 800 and 1000Gy showed no significant difference. The relative food consumption rate also decreased with the gamma radiation and its value found to be inversely proportional to the dose radiation. Our experiments showed that the use of gamma radiation exposure to 800Gy had no significant effect on the efficiency of conversion of ingested food of larvae and reduction was observed only when the gamma radiation was used in 1000Gy. The feeding deterrence effect of gamma radiation, especially on the larvae was high but no significant difference between doses of 100 to 800Gy was observed. The results showed that gamma radiation that induces antifeedant effect can be applied as an effective method in control of T. castaneum.

Highlights

B.R. Champ and C.E. Dyte, “Report of the FAO global survey of pesticides susceptibility of stored grain pests,” FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No. 5, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 297 (1976).
M.A. Haque, H. Nakakita, H. Ikenaga, N. Sota, “Development-inhibiting activity of some tropical plants against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Col: Curculionidae),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 281-286 (2000).

M.K. Muthoo, “Opening statement,” FAO/IAEA/WHO International Conference on Irradiation to Ensure to Safety and Quality of Food, Antalya, 19-22 Oct (1999).

P. Loaharanu, “International developments of food irradiation,” IAEA Documents (1999).

E. Shaaya, M. Kostjukovski, J. Eilberg, C. Sukprakarn, “Plant oils as fumigants and contact insecticides for the control of stored-product insect,” Journal of Stored Products Research, 7-15 (1997).

A. Tuncbilek and I.A. Kansu, “The effect of different rearing diet media on irradiated pupae and adults of flour beetle, Tribolium confusum,” Anzeiger Schadlingskunde Pflanz Umwelt, 131-134 (1995).

A.K. Sharma and R.K. Seth, “Combined effect of gamma radiation and azadirachtin on growth and development of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius),” Current Science, 1027-1031(2005).

H.P. Misra and P. Bhatia, “Gamma radiation susceptibility of strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) resistant and susceptible to fenvalerate,” International Journal of Pest Management, 145-147 (1998).

A. Tuncbilek, A. Ayvez, F. Ozturk, B. Kaplan, “Gamma radiation sensitivity of larvae and adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst,” Journal of Pest Science, 129-132 (2003).

M. Ahmadi, S. Moharramipour, H. Mozdarani, M. Negahban, “Combined effect of gamma radiation and Perovskia atriplicifolia for the control of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum,” Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, 73(3): 643-650 (2008).
A. Ayvaz, F. Ozturk, K. Yaray, E. Karahacio, “Effect of the gamma radiations and malathion on confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum J. du Val,” Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 560-562 (2002).

J.H. Brower and E.W. Tilton, “Comparative gamma radiation sensitivity of Tribolium madens (Charpentier) and T. castaneum (Herbst),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 93-100 (1973).

M. Ahmadi, S. Moharramipour, H. Mozdarani, M. Babaii, “Induction of Micronuclei in Ovaries of Tribolium castaneum Exposed to Gamma Radiation and Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil,” Integrated Protection of Stored Products, IOBC/WPRS. Campobasso, Italy (2009).

M. Negahban and S. Moharramipour, “Efficiency of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia scoparia essential oils on nutritional indices of Tribolium castaneum,” Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 22-23 (2007).

J. Shakarami, “Insecticidal effects of essential oils, steroid and indole alkaloids of four plant species on some insects and identification of their chemical composition,” Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (2004).

H. Chiasson, A. Belanger, N. Bostanian, C. Vincent, A. Poliquin, “Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by three methods of extraction,” Journal of Economic Entomology, 94(1): 167-171 (2001).

Y. Huang, J.M. Tan, R.M. Kini, S.H. Ho, “Toxic and antifeedent action of nutmeg oil against Tribulium castaneum (Herbst.) and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch,” Journal of Stored Products Research, 33: 289-298 (1997).

Y. Huang, S.H. Ho, H.C. Lee, Y.L. Yap, “Insecticidal properties of eugenol, isoeugenol and methyleughenol and their effects on nutrition of Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribulium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 38: 403-412 (2002).

Keywords

Gamma Radiation

Relative Growth Rate

Relative Consumption Rate

Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested Food

Feeding Deterrent Index

Tribolium castaneum

1. B.R. Champ and C.E. Dyte, “Report of the FAO global survey of pesticides susceptibility of stored grain pests,” FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No. 5, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 297 (1976).
2. M.A. Haque, H. Nakakita, H. Ikenaga, N. Sota, “Development-inhibiting activity of some tropical plants against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Col: Curculionidae),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 281-286 (2000).
1. M.K. Muthoo, “Opening statement,” FAO/IAEA/WHO International Conference on Irradiation to Ensure to Safety and Quality of Food, Antalya, 19-22 Oct (1999).
1. P. Loaharanu, “International developments of food irradiation,” IAEA Documents (1999).
1. E. Shaaya, M. Kostjukovski, J. Eilberg, C. Sukprakarn, “Plant oils as fumigants and contact insecticides for the control of stored-product insect,” Journal of Stored Products Research, 7-15 (1997).
1. A. Tuncbilek and I.A. Kansu, “The effect of different rearing diet media on irradiated pupae and adults of flour beetle, Tribolium confusum,” Anzeiger Schadlingskunde Pflanz Umwelt, 131-134 (1995).
1. A.K. Sharma and R.K. Seth, “Combined effect of gamma radiation and azadirachtin on growth and development of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius),” Current Science, 1027-1031(2005).
1. H.P. Misra and P. Bhatia, “Gamma radiation susceptibility of strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) resistant and susceptible to fenvalerate,” International Journal of Pest Management, 145-147 (1998).
1. A. Tuncbilek, A. Ayvez, F. Ozturk, B. Kaplan, “Gamma radiation sensitivity of larvae and adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst,” Journal of Pest Science, 129-132 (2003).
1. M. Ahmadi, S. Moharramipour, H. Mozdarani, M. Negahban, “Combined effect of gamma radiation and Perovskia atriplicifolia for the control of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum,” Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, 73(3): 643-650 (2008).
2. A. Ayvaz, F. Ozturk, K. Yaray, E. Karahacio, “Effect of the gamma radiations and malathion on confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum J. du Val,” Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 560-562 (2002).
1. J.H. Brower and E.W. Tilton, “Comparative gamma radiation sensitivity of Tribolium madens (Charpentier) and T. castaneum (Herbst),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 93-100 (1973).
1. M. Ahmadi, S. Moharramipour, H. Mozdarani, M. Babaii, “Induction of Micronuclei in Ovaries of Tribolium castaneum Exposed to Gamma Radiation and Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil,” Integrated Protection of Stored Products, IOBC/WPRS. Campobasso, Italy (2009).
1. M. Negahban and S. Moharramipour, “Efficiency of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia scoparia essential oils on nutritional indices of Tribolium castaneum,” Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 22-23 (2007).
1. J. Shakarami, “Insecticidal effects of essential oils, steroid and indole alkaloids of four plant species on some insects and identification of their chemical composition,” Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (2004).
1. H. Chiasson, A. Belanger, N. Bostanian, C. Vincent, A. Poliquin, “Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by three methods of extraction,” Journal of Economic Entomology, 94(1): 167-171 (2001).
1. Y. Huang, J.M. Tan, R.M. Kini, S.H. Ho, “Toxic and antifeedent action of nutmeg oil against Tribulium castaneum (Herbst.) and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch,” Journal of Stored Products Research, 33: 289-298 (1997).
1. Y. Huang, S.H. Ho, H.C. Lee, Y.L. Yap, “Insecticidal properties of eugenol, isoeugenol and methyleughenol and their effects on nutrition of Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribulium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae),” Journal of Stored Products Research, 38: 403-412 (2002).