Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

The Effect of Homogenization Procedure on Properties and Microstructure of High Content Lead Glasses

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Z Hamnabard
s Kakooei
R Rahimi
Abstract
Radiation shielding lead glasses can be used in any facility, which requires protection from radiation, for example medical centers, industrial and nuclear sites. Usually, for improvement of optical properties and homogeneity control of these glasses, homogenization process in different ways is applied. One of the important methods, which is also industrially practical for other glass systems, named fritting, is the process of melting and quenching of molten materials to form small glass particles. In the current work, the effect of homogenization on the thermal and physical properties of lead glasses is investigated. In this way, a composition of lead glass was selected. Then fritting procedure applied six times for this composition and the effect of fritting on thermal, physical, properties and homogeneity of glass were discussed. Finally, microstructural analyses of glass specimens were carried out. The results showed that the increase of the fritting period has an unwanted influence on different properties of the glass samples and this process can be used in joint with considering the other effective parameters.

Highlights

 

 

  1. 1.    و. مارقوسیان، ”شیشه: ساختار، خواص و کاربرد،“ دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، مرکز انتشارات (1381).                                         

 

  1. 2.    W.D. Kingery, H.K. Bown, D.R. Uhlmann, “Introduction to ceramics,” John wiley & sons (1976).

 

  1. 3.    Charles R. Kurkjian, William R. Prindle, “Prespective on the History of Glass Composition,” J. Am. Ceramic. Soc. Vol. 18, Number 4, 795-813 (1998).

 

  1. 4.   

 

V. Tooley
 

 

ت                   ترجمه گروه مترجمین، ”شالوده صنعت شیشه،“ جلد 2، شرکت سهامی شیشه قزوین، صفحه 720-714 (1372).    

 

  1. 5.    European Patent EP1794096, “Method & Apparatus for Homogenizing a glass Melt,” (2006).

 

  1. 6.    Gwenn Le Saouˆt, Yann Vaills, Yves Luspin, “Effects of thermal history on mechanical properties of (PbO)x(ZnO)(0.62x)(P2O5)0.4 glasses using Brillouin scattering,” Solid State Communications 123, 49–54 (2002).

 

  1. 7.    C. Levelut, A. Faivre, R. LeParc, B. Champagnon, J.L. Hazemann, L. David, C. Rochas, J.P. Simon, “Influence of thermal aging on density fluctuations in oxide glasses measured by small-angle X-ray scattering,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 307–310, 426–435 (2002).

 

  1. 8.    R. Le Park, B. Chmpagnon, Ph. Guenot, S. Dubois, “Thermal annealing and density fluctuations in silica glass,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 293–295, 366–369 (2001).
  2. 9.    A. MAROTTA, A. BURI, F. BRANDA, “Nucleation in glass and differential thermal analysis,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 16, 341-344 (1981).

 

10. Xiaojie J. Xu, Chandra S. Ray, Delbert E. Day, “Nucleation and Crystallization of Na2O.2CaO.3SiO2 Glass by Differential Thermal Analysis,” J. Am. Ceram. SO, Vol. 74, Number 5, 909-914 (1991).

 

11. R.H. Bryden, W.F. Caley, “Determination of nucleation temperature of a lime Alumino silicate glass-ceramic by differential thermal analysis,” Journal of Materials Science Letter, Vol. 16, 56-58, (1997).

 

12. R. Le Parc, A. Faivre, B. Champagnon b, “Influence of thermal history on the structure and properties of silicate glasses,” C. Levelut, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 352, 4495–4499 (2006).

 

13. W.F. DU, K. Kureoka, T. Akai, T. Yazawa, “Study of Al2O3 effect on structural change and phase separation in Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 glass by NMR,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 35, 4865-4871 (2000).

 

14. M. L. Pershin, G. P. Lisovskaya, V.E. Manevich, “Modelling the process of homogenization of the chemical composition of glass,” Glass & Ceramics, Vol. 42, Number 8, 348-351 (1985).

 

15. V.V. Golubkov, V.N. Bogdanov, A.Ya. Pakhnin, V.A. Solovyev, E.V. Zhivaeva, V.O. Kabanov, O.V. Yanush, S.V. Nemilov, A. Kisliuk, M. Soltwisch, D. Quitmann, “Microinhomogenities of glasses of the system PbO-SiO2,” J. Chem. Phys, Vol. 110, Number.10, 4897-4906 (1999).

 

 

Keywords

Lead Glass
Homogenization Method
Heat Treatment
Physical Properties
Microstructure

  1.  

     

    1. 1.    و. مارقوسیان، ”شیشه: ساختار، خواص و کاربرد،“ دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، مرکز انتشارات (1381).                                         

     

    1. 2.    W.D. Kingery, H.K. Bown, D.R. Uhlmann, “Introduction to ceramics,” John wiley & sons (1976).

     

    1. 3.    Charles R. Kurkjian, William R. Prindle, “Prespective on the History of Glass Composition,” J. Am. Ceramic. Soc. Vol. 18, Number 4, 795-813 (1998).

     

    1. 4.   

     

    V. Tooley
     

     

    ت                   ترجمه گروه مترجمین، ”شالوده صنعت شیشه،“ جلد 2، شرکت سهامی شیشه قزوین، صفحه 720-714 (1372).    

     

    1. 5.    European Patent EP1794096, “Method & Apparatus for Homogenizing a glass Melt,” (2006).

     

    1. 6.    Gwenn Le Saouˆt, Yann Vaills, Yves Luspin, “Effects of thermal history on mechanical properties of (PbO)x(ZnO)(0.62x)(P2O5)0.4 glasses using Brillouin scattering,” Solid State Communications 123, 49–54 (2002).

     

    1. 7.    C. Levelut, A. Faivre, R. LeParc, B. Champagnon, J.L. Hazemann, L. David, C. Rochas, J.P. Simon, “Influence of thermal aging on density fluctuations in oxide glasses measured by small-angle X-ray scattering,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 307–310, 426–435 (2002).

     

    1. 8.    R. Le Park, B. Chmpagnon, Ph. Guenot, S. Dubois, “Thermal annealing and density fluctuations in silica glass,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 293–295, 366–369 (2001).
    2. 9.    A. MAROTTA, A. BURI, F. BRANDA, “Nucleation in glass and differential thermal analysis,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 16, 341-344 (1981).

     

    10. Xiaojie J. Xu, Chandra S. Ray, Delbert E. Day, “Nucleation and Crystallization of Na2O.2CaO.3SiO2 Glass by Differential Thermal Analysis,” J. Am. Ceram. SO, Vol. 74, Number 5, 909-914 (1991).

     

    11. R.H. Bryden, W.F. Caley, “Determination of nucleation temperature of a lime Alumino silicate glass-ceramic by differential thermal analysis,” Journal of Materials Science Letter, Vol. 16, 56-58, (1997).

     

    12. R. Le Parc, A. Faivre, B. Champagnon b, “Influence of thermal history on the structure and properties of silicate glasses,” C. Levelut, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 352, 4495–4499 (2006).

     

    13. W.F. DU, K. Kureoka, T. Akai, T. Yazawa, “Study of Al2O3 effect on structural change and phase separation in Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 glass by NMR,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 35, 4865-4871 (2000).

     

    14. M. L. Pershin, G. P. Lisovskaya, V.E. Manevich, “Modelling the process of homogenization of the chemical composition of glass,” Glass & Ceramics, Vol. 42, Number 8, 348-351 (1985).

     

    15. V.V. Golubkov, V.N. Bogdanov, A.Ya. Pakhnin, V.A. Solovyev, E.V. Zhivaeva, V.O. Kabanov, O.V. Yanush, S.V. Nemilov, A. Kisliuk, M. Soltwisch, D. Quitmann, “Microinhomogenities of glasses of the system PbO-SiO2,” J. Chem. Phys, Vol. 110, Number.10, 4897-4906 (1999).

     

     

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