Journal of Nuclear Science, Engineering and Technology (JONSAT)
In cooperation with the Iranian Nuclear Society

Preliminary Investigation on Designing and Developing 90Sr/90Y Generator for Nuclear Medicine Purposes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

M.H Mojarrabi Tabrizi
A Khanchi
M Firouz Zare
B Salimi
M Deilami
A Amrollah Abhari
Abstract
Yttrium-90 radioisotope as a daughter of Strontium-90 is one of the nuclear fission products and plays an important role in the treatment of malignant tumors in nuclear medicine. There are at least five methods for the separation of Y-90 from Sr-90 including: Liquid membrane separation, Precipitation solvent extraction ion exchange and solvent extraction combined with ion exchange method. In this work ion exchange chromatography was used by Dowex50Wx8 resin as a stationary phase and ammonium oxalate, EDTA and sodium Acetate solutions as mobile phases. Separation of yttrium and strontium was performed in the various simulation conditions and for determining the elements, ICP-AES technique was used. The activities of real samples were estimated with β-liquid scintillation counter. The various shielding parameters for designing different parts of generator were also considered in this work.

Highlights

  1. 1.    S.Y. Adelstein and F.J. Manning, (Editors), “Isotopes for medicine and the life sciences,” National Academies press (1995).

 

  1. 2.    “Nuclear Medicine Resources Manual,” IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency, printed by the IAEA in Austria (2006).

 

  1. 3.    P.J. Ell and S.S Gambhir, (Editors), “Nuclear medicine in clinical diagnosis and treatment (Vol.182) 3rd,” Churchill Livingstone (Elsevier Limited) (2004).

 

  1. 4.    M. Venkatesh, U. Pandey, P.S. Dhami, R. Kannan, P.V. Achutan, R.R. Chitnis, V. Gopalakrishnan, S. Baneryee, G. Samual, M.R.A. Pillai, A. Ramanujam, “Complexation studies with 90Y from a Novel 90Sr-90Y Generator,” Radiochim Acta 89, 413 (2001).

 

  1. 5.    U. Pandey, A. Mukheryee, H.D. Sharma, T. Das, M.R.I. Pillai, M. Venka Tesh, “Evaluation of 90Y-DTPA and 90Y-DOTA for potential application in intra-vascular radionuclide therapy,” Appl. Radiat. Isot. 57, 313 (2002).

 

  1. 6.    U. Pandey, A. Mukherjee, H.D. Sharma, T. Das, M.R.A. Pillai, M. Venkatesh, “Preparation and studies with 90Y-labelled particles for use in radiation synovectomy,” Appl. Radiat. Isot. 55, 471 (2001).

 

  1. 7.    A. Mukherjee, U. Pandey, H.D. Sharma, M.R.A. Pillai, M. Venkatesh, “Preparation and evaluation of 90Y skin patches for therapy of superficial tumours in mice,” Nucl. Med. Comm. 23, 243 (2002).

 

  1. 8.    Edgardo Browne and Richard B. Firestone Virginias Shirley, “Table of radioactive isotopes,” U.S.A, P:90.1-90.6, Edition: 2, )1986(.

 

  1. 9.    Z. Graheh, I. Eskinja, K. Kosutic, S. Cerjan-Stefanovic, “Isolation of yttrium and strontium from soil samples and rapid determination of 90Sr,” J.Croatica Chemica Acta (CCACAA), 73(3), 795-807 (2000).

 

  1. 10.              A. Gran Malonda, L. Rodriguez Barquero, A. Grau Carles, “Radioactivity determination of Y-90, Sr-90 and Sr-89 mixtures by spectral deconvolution,” Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A339, 31-37 (1994).

 

 

  1. 11.              Develoment of Generator Technologies for Therapeutic Radionuclides, (1stResearch Coordination Meeting),” IAEA Headqarters Vienna, Austria, 4-8 October (2004).

 

  1. 12.              Y.J. Koda, “Separation of pure 90Y from a 90Sr-90Y mixture by co-precipitation with ferric hydroxide,” Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 25, 733 (1963).

 

  1. 13.              M.L. Salutsky and H.W. Kirby, “Preparation and half life of carrier-free Yttrium-90,” Anal. Chem. 27(4), 567-569 (1955).

 

  1. 14.              H.L. Volchok and J.L. Kulp, “Half-life of Yttrium-90,” Phys. Rev. 97, 102 (1955).

 

  1. 15.              J.S. Wike, C.E. Guyer, D.W. Ramey, B.P. Pillips, “Chemistry for commercial scale production of yttrium-90 for medical research,” J. Radiat. Appl. Instrum. Part A, 41, No. 9, 861 (1990).

 

  1. 16.              R.F. Doering, W.D. Tucker, L.G.Jr. Stang, Report BNL-5454 (1962).

 

  1. 17.              V.G. Herrmann and F. Strassmann, “Concerning the search for Sr and y isotopes from U fission,” Z. Nautrforsch, 11A, 946 (1956).

 

  1. 18.              K. Seyb and G.Z. Herrmann, Elektrochem. 64, 1065 (1960).

 

  1. 19.              E. Minami, M. Honda, Y. Sasaki, “Ion-exchange separation of fission products,” Bull, Chem. Soc. Japan. 31, 372 (1958).

 

  1. 20.              Y. Suzuki, “Preparation of carrier-free 90Y from 90Sr with ion exchange,” Journal. Appl. Radiation & Isotopes, 15, 599-602 (1964(.

 

  1. 21.              A.T. Rane and K.S. Bhatki “Rapid radiochemical separations of strontium-90-yttrium-90 and calcium-45-scandium-46 on a cation exchange resin,” Anal. Chem. 38, 1598-1601 (1966).

 

  1. 22.              W.Y. Skraba, H. Arino, H.H. Kramer, “A new 90Sr/90Y radioisotope generator,” J. Appl. Radio & Isotope. 29, 91 (1978).

 

23. M. Chinol and D.J. Hnatowich, “Generator produced yttrium-90 for radioimmunotherapy,” J. Nucl. Medicine, 28, 1465 (1987).

 

  1. 24.              S. Misumi and T.J. Taketatsu, “Separation of yttrium-90 from strontium-90 and lanthanum-140 from barium-140 with anion exchange, resin of carbonate form,” Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 20, 127 (1961).

 

25. R.W. Perkins, “Filtration-precipitation separation of barium-140 from lanthanum-140,” Anal. Chem. 29(1), 152-153 (1957).

 

  1. 26.              P. Sylvester, US. Patent applications No. 2003/0231994 and 2004/0005272.

 

  1. 27.              N.D. Betenekov, L.M. Sharygin, R.W. Brown, “90Sr/90Y radionuclide generator for production of high-quality Y-90 solution,” US. Patent. 7101484, September (2006).

 

  1. 28.              H. Cember, “Introduction to Health Physics,” 4th.ed )2008(.

Keywords

90Sr/ 90Y Generator
90Sr and 90Y Separation
Ion Exchange Chromatography
Nuclear Medicine
Strontium-90
Yttrium-90
Radioisotope Generators
  1. 1.    S.Y. Adelstein and F.J. Manning, (Editors), “Isotopes for medicine and the life sciences,” National Academies press (1995).

 

  1. 2.    “Nuclear Medicine Resources Manual,” IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency, printed by the IAEA in Austria (2006).

 

  1. 3.    P.J. Ell and S.S Gambhir, (Editors), “Nuclear medicine in clinical diagnosis and treatment (Vol.182) 3rd,” Churchill Livingstone (Elsevier Limited) (2004).

 

  1. 4.    M. Venkatesh, U. Pandey, P.S. Dhami, R. Kannan, P.V. Achutan, R.R. Chitnis, V. Gopalakrishnan, S. Baneryee, G. Samual, M.R.A. Pillai, A. Ramanujam, “Complexation studies with 90Y from a Novel 90Sr-90Y Generator,” Radiochim Acta 89, 413 (2001).

 

  1. 5.    U. Pandey, A. Mukheryee, H.D. Sharma, T. Das, M.R.I. Pillai, M. Venka Tesh, “Evaluation of 90Y-DTPA and 90Y-DOTA for potential application in intra-vascular radionuclide therapy,” Appl. Radiat. Isot. 57, 313 (2002).

 

  1. 6.    U. Pandey, A. Mukherjee, H.D. Sharma, T. Das, M.R.A. Pillai, M. Venkatesh, “Preparation and studies with 90Y-labelled particles for use in radiation synovectomy,” Appl. Radiat. Isot. 55, 471 (2001).

 

  1. 7.    A. Mukherjee, U. Pandey, H.D. Sharma, M.R.A. Pillai, M. Venkatesh, “Preparation and evaluation of 90Y skin patches for therapy of superficial tumours in mice,” Nucl. Med. Comm. 23, 243 (2002).

 

  1. 8.    Edgardo Browne and Richard B. Firestone Virginias Shirley, “Table of radioactive isotopes,” U.S.A, P:90.1-90.6, Edition: 2, )1986(.

 

  1. 9.    Z. Graheh, I. Eskinja, K. Kosutic, S. Cerjan-Stefanovic, “Isolation of yttrium and strontium from soil samples and rapid determination of 90Sr,” J.Croatica Chemica Acta (CCACAA), 73(3), 795-807 (2000).

 

  1. 10.              A. Gran Malonda, L. Rodriguez Barquero, A. Grau Carles, “Radioactivity determination of Y-90, Sr-90 and Sr-89 mixtures by spectral deconvolution,” Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A339, 31-37 (1994).

 

 

  1. 11.              Develoment of Generator Technologies for Therapeutic Radionuclides, (1stResearch Coordination Meeting),” IAEA Headqarters Vienna, Austria, 4-8 October (2004).

 

  1. 12.              Y.J. Koda, “Separation of pure 90Y from a 90Sr-90Y mixture by co-precipitation with ferric hydroxide,” Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 25, 733 (1963).

 

  1. 13.              M.L. Salutsky and H.W. Kirby, “Preparation and half life of carrier-free Yttrium-90,” Anal. Chem. 27(4), 567-569 (1955).

 

  1. 14.              H.L. Volchok and J.L. Kulp, “Half-life of Yttrium-90,” Phys. Rev. 97, 102 (1955).

 

  1. 15.              J.S. Wike, C.E. Guyer, D.W. Ramey, B.P. Pillips, “Chemistry for commercial scale production of yttrium-90 for medical research,” J. Radiat. Appl. Instrum. Part A, 41, No. 9, 861 (1990).

 

  1. 16.              R.F. Doering, W.D. Tucker, L.G.Jr. Stang, Report BNL-5454 (1962).

 

  1. 17.              V.G. Herrmann and F. Strassmann, “Concerning the search for Sr and y isotopes from U fission,” Z. Nautrforsch, 11A, 946 (1956).

 

  1. 18.              K. Seyb and G.Z. Herrmann, Elektrochem. 64, 1065 (1960).

 

  1. 19.              E. Minami, M. Honda, Y. Sasaki, “Ion-exchange separation of fission products,” Bull, Chem. Soc. Japan. 31, 372 (1958).

 

  1. 20.              Y. Suzuki, “Preparation of carrier-free 90Y from 90Sr with ion exchange,” Journal. Appl. Radiation & Isotopes, 15, 599-602 (1964(.

 

  1. 21.              A.T. Rane and K.S. Bhatki “Rapid radiochemical separations of strontium-90-yttrium-90 and calcium-45-scandium-46 on a cation exchange resin,” Anal. Chem. 38, 1598-1601 (1966).

 

  1. 22.              W.Y. Skraba, H. Arino, H.H. Kramer, “A new 90Sr/90Y radioisotope generator,” J. Appl. Radio & Isotope. 29, 91 (1978).

 

23. M. Chinol and D.J. Hnatowich, “Generator produced yttrium-90 for radioimmunotherapy,” J. Nucl. Medicine, 28, 1465 (1987).

 

  1. 24.              S. Misumi and T.J. Taketatsu, “Separation of yttrium-90 from strontium-90 and lanthanum-140 from barium-140 with anion exchange, resin of carbonate form,” Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 20, 127 (1961).

 

25. R.W. Perkins, “Filtration-precipitation separation of barium-140 from lanthanum-140,” Anal. Chem. 29(1), 152-153 (1957).

 

  1. 26.              P. Sylvester, US. Patent applications No. 2003/0231994 and 2004/0005272.

 

  1. 27.              N.D. Betenekov, L.M. Sharygin, R.W. Brown, “90Sr/90Y radionuclide generator for production of high-quality Y-90 solution,” US. Patent. 7101484, September (2006).

 

  1. 28.              H. Cember, “Introduction to Health Physics,” 4th.ed )2008(.

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