Abstract  To investigate the effect of oxalic and citric organic acids on the uptake of Phosphorus and Zinc by corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was conducted by the use of radioactive potassium phosphate and zinc sulfate fertilizers in microcosm and greenhouse condition. For tracing and translocation of these elements to aerial parts of the corn, ³²P and ⁶⁵Zn were produced in Tehran Research Reactor (TRR). After season of plant growth and administration of treatments in microcosm (4 weeks), plants were harvested, digested, extracted and activity of the ³²P and ⁶⁵Zn in the samples was measured by a Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC) and a HPGe Gamma Spectrometry System (GSS), respectively. The results revealed that organic acids had significant effects on the P releasing from the soil and its uptake by the plant but had no effect on the Zn uptake. The highest uptake of ³²P and ⁶⁵Zn in the aerial parts of corn was observed in oxalic acid of 10mM concentration and blank (water), respectively. Furthermore, it seems that organic acid concentrations of more than 10mM is necessary for extracting elements from soil and following uptake by plants.
                                         
 

Abstract  In order to assess the isotope hydrology in different water reservoirs in the north of Iran and to group them in relation to different chemical and physiographical parameters on catchment scale, an extensive study was conducted during 2010 to 2011 in 30 different wetlands. The samples were collected at three different seasons and analyzed for chemical and isotopic components. The isotopic data show that the selected wetlands cover a wide range of isotopic signatures, affected by climate, hydrology and local seasonal parameters. In most wetlands, the isotopic signatures in winter were lower than these in other seasons. The amount of deuterium excess was decreased from winter to spring by 12.86‰ to 0.83‰. These downward trends were continued during the spring to summer by 0.83‰ to -2.89 ‰. The results of principal components analysis (PCA) indicate that there are eight significant justifiable components with eigenvalue more than one which could describe differences between ponds (by 72%) in catchment scale in our experiment. The data showed that there is a significant decrease in d-excess during spring and summer in ponds 20, 21, 22, 24, 25 and 26 indicating the presence of light isotopes in these ponds. Physical separation of ¹⁸O and ²H by water molecules and prevalence of ²H in the movements led to increment of d-excess in most wetlands. This has led to d-excess of pond 12 even greater in summer than in winter. This could be an acceptable reason for ponds 25 and 26 (Siyahkal county) with the highest amount of d-excess and the lowest amounts of ¹⁸O and ²H. It seems that light water pumped from groundwater wells with minor source of salt (originated from sea deep percolation) into the ponds, may be another reason for the significant decrease in the heavy isotopes of water (¹⁸O and ²H) as for the ponds 2, 12, 14 and 25 from spring to summer.
 
 

Abstract This paper deals with the study of digestion processes effectiveness in processing metasomatite deposit of the Saghand anomaly No.5. To accomplish the task, the samples from metasomatite rocks of the Saghand anomaly No.5 were studied in laboratory. The sample containing minerals such as calcite, quartz, albite, actinolite, ilmenite, rutil, chevkenide, bastnasite, monazite, and sphen were first concentrated using the method of pre-concentration (electrostatic, magnetic and gravitation) which led to an increase in the rate of their heavy mineral from 10% to 50%. The purpose was to eliminate or reduce, calcite and other obtrusive minerals, and consequently have a better dissolution and a less consumption of acid. At this stage of study, and by using the produced concentrate, the effectiveness of the digesting process, the effect of different parameters such as temperature, digestion time, sulfuric acid concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio and oxidant concentration, with the aim of determining their optimum values, were studied which resulted in the following values for the above-mentioned parameters: temperature: 200^°C, digestion time: 2h, sulfuric acid concentration: 10.8M, solid-to-liquid ratio: 0.33 (w/v), and oxidant (nitric acide) concentration: 5.3M. Under these conditions, the recovery extents of uranium, thorium and REE were found to be 85%, 83%, and 42%, respectively.
 
 

Abstract Gamma ray spectroscopy has extensive applications in many problems of physics and in varieties of radiation applications, such as material analysis. The obtained spectrum from a Gamma emitting source, which is usually detected by Germanium or inorganic scintillator detectors, contains information for the energy and activity of the source. The SBUspect uses Mariscotti method to detect the existing peaks in the spectrum. Furthermore, it has the ability to fit these peaks with appropriate Gaussian functions, to detect the elements in the source and to calculate the activity and the MDA of the existing elements in the source. The accuracy of the software is assessed by the I.A.E.A standard G series spectra. The results showed that the SBUspect has acceptable stability and functions well in finding single peaks. Like most other available commercial softwares, this software needs to be improved and developed in detecting and analyzing multiple and weak peaks.
 
 

Abstract groups bonded to the polymer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of radiation grafting of acrylic acid on the crosslinked Chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) adsorbent film to improve the absorption of nickel from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, acrylic acid (AA) monomer was grafted on the crosslinked Chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) film by using gamma radiation. The effect of radiation dose on the grafting percentage was studied. The chemical structure of the adsorbent was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. Nickel adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of the pH of media, irradiation dose and initial concentration of Ni solution by means of batch method. Adsorption modeling was made by Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms and the experimental measurements were well fitted to the Langmuir adsorption model. Finally, the results showed the nickel adsorption improvement on the crosslinked Chitosan/ poly (vinyl alcohol) film by radiation grafting of acrylic acid as an oxygen-containing functional group.
 
 

Abstract  This study aimed to establish a managed sampling plan for a rapid estimation of natural radionuclides diffusion in the northern coast of the Oman Sea. The plan can be developed for the rapid estimate of radionuclide diffusion consequences in post-accidental situations. By determining the concentration of the natural radionuclides in 5 surface water samples, dividing the geographical domain into nine separated grids and using the third generation spectral SWAN model, the preferable wave direction and points with the higher radioactivity concentrations were combined to predict the representative contaminated areas for sampling, even in post-accidental situations. The results indicate that the natural radioactivity concentration between the grids 8600 and 8604 are gathered in the grid 8600 and between the grids of 8605 and 8608 propagating toward the middle part of the Oman Sea.
 
 

Abstract Investigation of optimum conditions in muon catalyzed fusion (μCF) is very important for increasing the fusion yield. Usually a μCF target is considered in the form of a mixture of liquid, gas or solid layers. For this purpose a 3- solid layer of hydrogen isotopes, HT/D₂/DT has been suggested by the other researchers. In this paper, this suggestion is investigated, and it is shown that the proposed 3-layer, decreases the fusion yield. Then, a multilayer of the HT and D₂ in a sphericalarrangement is proposed to increase the fusion yield, and its conditions are studied. It is shown that in the proposed multi- layer, the fusion yield increases about 30 percent in comparison with one DT layer, while, the tritium concentration should be rare up to C_t=0.01. For this purpose, production of µt atoms beam by interring muons  into a HT solid layer is investigated. The Ramsauer-Townsend effect and transfer of muon from µp to µt atoms are important parameters in this investigation.
 
 
 

Abstract  BaSO₄: Dy nanocrystalline is prepared by the co-precipitation method. The shape and morphology of the prepared nanocrystalline is observed using a Energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and XRD pattern. The prepared pellets are exposed to the gamma radiation emitted by a ⁶⁰Co source at room temperature. Then the themoluminescence (TL) properties of BaSO₄: Dy nanocrystalline pellets are studied. Results show that thermoluminescence response is increased by increasing the ⁶⁰Co dose rate so that the BaSO₄:Dy has a linear response in a range of 0.1-1 kGy.
 
 

Abstract Abstract: By making the effective potential approximation, the Schrödinger equation for confined particles in a quadrupole ion trap was solved and its energy eigenvalues were evaluated. The partition function and then entropy for the ensemble trapped particles in equilibrium were obtained and analyzed. This research can be helpful for investigating the properties of trapped particles and also for designing and construction of quadrupole ion traps.    

Abstract The effects of nano zero valent irons on remediation of pollutions from tailing ponds have been investigated in the current study. In order to achieve our goal, the liquid waste of yellow cake production facility was selected as a sample; because in addition to U (40 ppm), this liquid waste contains other elements such as Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, Na, Ca, S, Si, Al, Mg, P, Cl, Fe and Sr. At first, Lime (C=30%) was used to reduce the concentration of uranium, and lime resulted from concentration of uranium to 0.3 ppm. Finally, we employed uranium concentration as well as NZVI remediated to about 4ppb. The results of these experiments show that at low concentrations of uranium (<5ppm), NZVI has a significant effect in remediation of uranium containing solutions.
 
 

Abstract In this paper, the effect of crystallographic texture on hydride orientation in the inner and outer layers of Zr-(1%)Nb clad was investigated. (0002) pole figures were measured by transmission and reflection X-ray diffraction method. Volume fraction, V_r of grains having their basal poles in a specified orientation region with respect to the radial direction and effective fraction of basal poles aligned with a circumferential direction, f_r, were calculated from the data pole figures. The results of the analyses showed that there was a texture gradient in the clad thickness from the inner to the outer layers. f_r and V_r(φ:0-30°( had inverse relationship to hydride fraction (F). In the inner layer f_r, V_r(φ:0-30°( and F were 0.53, 0.57 and 0.25, respectively. In the outer layer, those were shown to be 0.41, 0.33 and 0.61, respectively.
 
 
 

Abstract In this work, silica and Pb₃O₄ were used for manufacturing lead silicate glass with composition of 40 mole% PbO and 60 mole% SiO₂. The chemical changes which occurred by heating of raw materials and the primary chemical products until reaching to the final product were studied from thermodynamical point of view. Based on the standard data tables, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of formation of all components and chemical reactions were calculated at 1300˚C corresponding with the relevant phase diagram. Since the glass was a mixture of the components of silica and PbSiO₃, the Gibbes free energy, enthalpy and entropy of mixture were calculated at room temperature and at 1300˚C. Finally, the relations for calculation of free energy, enthalpy, entropy and heat capacity of glass in a temperature range between Tg and the melting point of glass were extracted.