نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشکده مهندسی انرژی، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، صندوق پستی: 1114- 14565، تهران- ایران
2 پژوهشگاه دانش‌های بنیادی، صندوق پستی: 5531 - 19395، تهران- ایران
چکیده
در چند دهه اخیر، تأثیر نانوذرات در پرتودرمانی موردتوجه بسیاری از محققان قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر مدل‌های برهمکنش فیزیکی مختلف بر روی محاسبات دز در اطراف نانوذرات طلا، هافنیوم و گادولینیم، انجام شده است. با استفاده از ابزار مونت‌کارلوی Geant4، یک نانوذره به قطر 50 نانومتر در فانتوم مکعبی آب شبیه‌سازی شد و تحت تابش پروتون با انرژی‌های 5، 50 و MeV 150 قرار گرفت. مطالعه حاضر پارامترهای مختلفی را از جمله طیف انرژی الکترون‌ها و فوتون‌های ثانویه، توزیع دز شعاعی (RDD)، ضریب افزایش دز (DEF)، در اطراف نانوذره با سه جنس مختلف و دو مدل برهمکنش فیزیکی مورد بررسی قرار داده است. نتایج حاصل‌شده نشان داد که برای نانوذره طلا تعداد الکترون‌های ثانویه با مدل پنلوپه بیشتر از مدل لیورمور بود؛ ولی برای دو نانوذره دیگر، الکترون‌های ثانویه بیشتری با مدل لیومور نسبت به مدل پنلوپه تولید شد. در نمودارهای RDD تا فاصله 6 نانومتری از سطح نانوذره طلا (در راستای شعاعی در محیط آب)، مدل پنلوپه یک اختلاف 10 درصدی را نسبت به مدل لیورمور ارائه می‌کند. همچنین، تا فاصله 9 نانومتری از سطح نانوذره، مدل لیورمور به ترتیب یک افزایش 16 و 10 درصدی در دز را در مقایسه با مدل پنلوپه برای نانوذرات هافنیوم و گادولینیم نشان می‌دهد. در مورد DEF، دز نهشت‌شده در اطراف نانوذره طلا 14 برابر افزایش یافت که بالاترین مقدار در مقایسه با افزایش دز پیرامون نانوذرات هافنیوم و گادولینیم که به ترتیب 10 و 6 برابر بودند، می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The simulation of dose variation effects due to the presence of different metal nanoparticles under proton irradiation using Geant4 toolkit
نویسندگان [English]
- J. Alamgir 1
- S.A. Hosseini 1
- E. Salimi 2
1 Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O.Box: 14565-1114, Tehran – Iran
2 Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM, P.O.Box: 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The impacts of nanoparticles in radiation therapy have been investigated for many years now. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different physical interaction models on dose calculations using gold, hafnium and gadolinium nanoparticles. A nanoparticle with a diameter of 50 nm was simulated in a cubic water phantom. It was irradiated by protons with energies of 5, 50 and 150 MeV using Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit. The current study considers various parameters, including the energy spectrum of secondary electrons and photons, radial dose distribution (RDD), dose enhancement factor (DEF), around the nanoparticle with three different materials and two physical interaction models. The obtained data showed that for gold nanoparticles, the Penelope model generated a greater number of secondary electrons than the Livermore model; however, for the other two nanoparticles, the Livermore model produced a greater number of secondary electrons than the Penelope model. In the RDD graphs, the Penelope model presents a 10% difference compared to the Livermore model up to a distance of 6 nm from the nanoparticle’s surface (along the radial axis in water). Furthermore, the Livermore model indicates a 16% and 10% increase in dose compared to the Penelope model. This is up to a distance of 9 nm from the surface of hafnium and gadolinium nanoparticles, respectively. In the case of DEF, the dose deposited around the gold nanoparticle was increased by 14. This is the highest amount in comparison to DEF of hafnium and gadolinium nanoparticles which is 10 and 6, respectively.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Nanoparticle
- Dose enhancement factor
- Proton therapy
- Monte carlo simulation
- Geant4
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