نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صندوق پستی: 31485-313، تهران - ایران
2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هستهای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هستهای، صندوق پستی: 498-31485، کرج - ایران
3 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه تهران، صندوق پستی: 4111، کرج - ایران
4 گروه زیست فناوری مولکولی گیاهی، پژوهشگاه ملی مهتدسی ژنتیک و زیست فناوری، تهران - ایران
چکیده
آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل به منظور تعیین تأثیر دزهای مختلف پرتو گاما بر ماندگاری پس از برداشت و کیفیت چهار رقم پیاز ایرانی (سفید قم، سفید نیشابور، قرمز ری و قرمز اصلاحی) طی 120 روز نگهداری در دمای 15-10 درجه سانتیگراد و رطوبت نسبی 70 درصد انجام شد. اثرات متقابل رقم و دز پرتو به طور قابل توجهی بر جوانه زدن، کاهش وزن، سفتی، محتوای جامدات محلول (TSS) و محتوای قندهای احیاکننده و اسید پیروویک (PA) پیازها پس از 120 روز نگهداری تأثیر گذاشت. جوانه زدن پیازها بین 100-10 درصد بود. پیازهای تیمار نشده بیشترین جوانه زدن و کاهش وزن را نشان دادند. تابش پرتو گاما (30-150 گری) درصد جوانه زدن را به طور قابل توجهی محدود کرد و در نتیجه مانع از کاهش وزن پیازها شد. سفتی سوخهای تحت تابش (90-150 گری) بیشتر از سوخهای شاهد بود. کاهش وزن پیازها با جوانه زدن همبستگی مثبت و با سفتی پیاز همبستگی منفی داشت. تیمارهای پرتودهی (30-150 گری) باعث افزایش TSS و (60-150 گری) کاهش محتوای قند سوخها شد. سوخهای تیمار نشده در پایان آزمایش کمترین مقدار PA را داشتند. قرار گرفتن در معرض تابش 90-150 گری منجر به بالاترین محتوای PA در سوخها شد. به طور خلاصه، استفاده از 90 تا 120 گری پرتو گاما برای بهبود عمر پس از برداشت و کیفیت پیاز میتواند به عنوان یک دستورالعمل کلی در نظر گرفته شود.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Application of gamma radiation in order to improve postharvest life and preserve quality of onion cultivars during prolonged storage
نویسندگان [English]
- S. Miladi Lari 1
- M. Ahmadi 2
- A. Kashi 3
- A. Mousavi 4
- Y. Mostofi 3
1 Department of Horticultural Sciences and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box: 313-31485, Tehran - Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O.Box: 31485-498, Karaj - Iran
3 Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Tehran, P.O.Box: 4111, Karaj - Iran
4 4. Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran - Iran
چکیده [English]
A factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of gamma irradiation on postharvest life and quality of bulbs of four Iranian onion cultivars (White-Ghom, White-Neyshabour, Red-Ridge-Lump, Red-Ray-Corrugated) during 120 days storage at 10-15 °C and 70% relative humidity. Interactive effects of cultivar and irradiation dose significantly affected sprouting, weight loss, firmness, soluble solids content (TSS), and contents of reducing sugars and pyruvic acid (PA) of the bulbs after 120 days of storage. Sprouting of the bulbs ranged between 10-100%. The untreated bulbs showed the highest sprouting and weight loss. Gamma irradiation (30-150 Gy) significantly restricted the sprouting percentage and decreased bulb weight loss. Firmness of the irradiated bulbs (90-150 Gy) was higher than the control bulbs. Weight loss of the bulbs was positively correlated with sprouting and negatively correlated with bulb firmness. The irradiation treatments increased the TSS (30-150 Gy) and a reduction in the sugar content of the bulbs (60-150 Gy). The untreated bulbs had the lowest PA content at the end of the experiment. Exposure to 90-150 Gy irradiation doses resulted in the highest PA content in the bulbs. In summary, the application of 90 to 120 Gy of gamma radiation for improving post-harvest shelf life and quality of onions can be considered as a general guideline.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Allium cepa L
- Food irradiation
- Pyruvic acid
- Reducing sugars
- Soluble solids content
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