نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده ی چرخه ی سوخت هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، تهران ـ ایران

2 گروه فرآوری مواد معدنی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، صندوق پستی: 143-14115، تهران ـ ایران

چکیده

جاذب زیستی- مغناطیسی متشکل از نانوذرات منیتیت (4O3Fe) پوشیده شده از تفاله‌ی نیشکر تهیه و باگاس مغناطیسی نام‌گذاری شد. باگاس مغناطیسی دارای هدف حذف جذبی و بازیابی یون‌های اورانیم (VI) از محیط‌های آبی بود. منیتیت از طریق هم‌رسوبی با افزودن محلول سدیم هیدروکسید به محلول آبی شامل +2Fe و +3Fe تهیه شد. باگاس مغناطیسی دارای خواص ابرپارامغناطیسی، یعنی، مغناطش اشباع بدون پس‌ماند مغناطیسی بود. شناسایی باگاس مغناطیسی تهیه شده، با استفاده از روش‌های پراش پودری پرتو ایکس (XRD) و میکروسکوپی الکترون پویشی (SEM) انجام و مساحت سطح ویژه‌ی ریزدانه‌ها و میزان تخلخل آن‌ از طریق جذب و واجذب نیتروژن (روش BET) اندازه‌گیری شد. میانگین اندازه‌ی ذرات 34 نانومتر، مساحت سطح آزاد آن‌ها 3/‌102 متر مربع بر‌ گرم و میانگین قطر حفرات 23/‌6 نانومتر به دست آمد. خواص تبادل یونی باگاس مغناطیسی با اندازه‌گیری ظرفیت جذب برای یون‌های اورانیم (VI) در روش ناپیوسته بررسی ‌شد. نتایج نشان داد که ظرفیت جذب به شدت تحت تأثیر pH محیط، مقدار زیست توده، زمان تماس، و غلظت اولیه‌ی اورانیم قرار دارد. پیوند سطحی اورانیم با زیست توده بسیار سریع بود به طوری که ظرف 20 دقیقه‌ی نخست %92 جذب به انجام رسید. جذب بهینه (%4/97) در pH برابر با 4، مقدار زیست توده‌ی 1-g L 5، غلظت اولیه‌ی اورانیم 1-mg L50، و در مدت 90 دقیقه مشاهده شد. ظرفیت جذب بیشینه‌ی باگاس مغناطیسی برای یون‌های اورانیم (VI) در مقدار جاذب
1-g L 1، و برابر 1-mg g 04/32 به دست آمد. داده‌های سینتیکی با معادله‌ی سرعت شبه مرتبه‌ی دوم به خوبی برازش شدند (9996/‌0=2‌R). فرایند جذب با مدل‌های هم‌دمای لانگمویر و دوبینین- رادشکویچ مطابقت خوبی داشت. انرژی آزاد استاندارد (∆G) و تغییرات انتالپی (∆H) نشان داد که واکنش در دماهای بررسی شده، خودبه‌خودی و گرماگیر است. در مطالعات بازیابی، %5/‌94 یون‌های اورانیم (VI)، با استفاده از هیدروکلریک اسید به عنوان شوینده بازیابی شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Adsorptive Removal and Recovery of U(VI) from Single Component Aqueous Solutions by Sugarcane Bagasse Impregnated with Magnetite Nanoparticles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Alamdar Milani 1
  • Borhan Rahnamay Moghadam 2
  • Ahmad Khodadadi Darban 2

1

2

چکیده [English]

 A magnetic biosorbent composed of nanoparticles of magnetite covered with sugarcane bagasse and denominated magnetic baggas was prepared. The magnetic composite was used to remove U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. The magnetite was synthetized by simultaneous precipitation by adding a solution of NaOH to the aqueous solution containing Fe2+ and Fe3+. The magnetic bagasse presented superparamagnetic properties; that is, it showed a high magnetization of saturation without hysteresis. The magnetic bagasse was characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis on magnetic bagasse showed a nanostructure with an average particle size of 34 nanometers, with a specific surface area of 102.3 m2 g-1, and average pore diameter of 6.23 nm. Its adsorption performance was evaluated by determining the adsorption capacity of U(VI) ions by means of batch method. The results indicated that the biosorption capacity was significantly affected by the pH solution, biosorbent dosage, contact time, and initial uranium concentration. The uranium binding by the biomass test was rapid, and achieved 92% of the sorption efficiency within 20 min. The optimum biosorption (97.4%) was observed at pH 4.0, biosorbent dosage of 5 mg/L, initial uranium concentration of 50 mg L-1 within 90 minutes. The maximum adsorption capacity of the magnetic bagass for U(VI) ions was at biosorbent dosage of 1 g L-1 and obtained to be 32.04 mg g-1. The kinetic data were fitted well to a pseudo-second-order rate equation (R2=0.9996). The adsorption process conformed the Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevitch (D-R) adsorption isotherm models. Gibbs free energy (DG°) and enthalpy change (DH°) indicated that the reaction had been spontaneous and exothermic in nature at the studied temperatures. In the desorption studies, 94.5% of  adsorbed U(VI)wasrecoverd with hydrochloric acid as an eluent.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adsoptive Removal
  • Uranium
  • Magnetic Bagasse
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles
  • Aqueous Solutions
  • Kinetics
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